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NHTSA - Vehicle Safety Research

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

This collection features publications and reports from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Vehicle Safety Research program. Its mission is to strategize, plan, and execute research initiatives that advance the agency's core goal: reducing motor vehicle crashes, fatalities, and injuries. Resources in this collection reflect research prioritized for its potential to improve highway safety, ensuring direct alignment with Congressional mandates and broader Department of Transportation (DOT) and NHTSA objectives. For more information, visit the NHTSA Vehicle Safety Research.

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Showing 101 - 120 of 261 results
  • Investigation of Crash Consequences for Common Child Restraint Misuse
    Investigation of Crash Consequences for Common Child Restraint Misuse
    Manary, Miriam A. ;
    Klinich, Kathleen D.
    2021-07-01 | PDF
    Estimates of child restraint misuse rates in the United States range from 49 to 95 percent, but not all misuse modes have similar consequences in terms of restraint effectiveness. A series of laboratory sled tests was conducted to determine the effects of common misuses and combinations of misuses, including loose harness, loose installation, incor ...
  • Occupant Response Evaluation in Flat FullFrontal Rigid Barrier Impact Testing
    Occupant Response Evaluation in Flat, Full-Frontal Rigid Barrier Impact Testing
    Summers, Stephen ;
    Hall, Ian
    2021-06-01 | PDF
    NHTSA has previously published research using the Test Device for Human Occupant Restraint 50th male (THOR-50M) anthropomorphic test device (ATD) as a driver in 56 km/h flat, full-frontal rigid barrier tests. NHTSA subsequently conducted six additional rigid barrier tests as part of a larger program to evaluate the use of a newer generation of test ...
  • Development of a Representative Seat Assembly for FMVSS No 213
    Development of a Representative Seat Assembly for FMVSS No. 213
    Wietholter, Kedryn ;
    Louden, Allison E.
    2021-06-01 | PDF
    The Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 213 sled test was originally based on the configuration and performance parameters of the 1974 Chevrolet Impala production front bench seat. This sled test was upgraded on June 24, 2003, by incorporating advanced child anthropomorphic test devices and associated injury criteria and by modifying some fea ...
  • Seat Belt Assembly Tensile Test Procedure Development
    Seat Belt Assembly Tensile Test Procedure Development
    Wietholter, Kedryn ;
    Wetli, Alaine
    2021-06-01 | PDF
    Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. 209, Seat Belt Assemblies, specifies requirements, including performance requirements, for seat belt assemblies used in motor vehicles. The standard includes an assembly performance tensile test where seat belt assemblies must withstand a minimum tensile force and not exceed an elongation limit. NHT ...
  • Occupant Safety in Vehicles Equipped with Automated Driving Systems Part 2 Crash Safety Considerations for OutofPosition Occupant Posture in Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems Field Data Investigation
    Occupant Safety in Vehicles Equipped with Automated Driving Systems, Part 2: Crash Safety Considerations for Out-of-Position Occupant Posture in Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems - Field Data Investigation
    Panzer, Matthew B. ;
    Shaw, Greg
    2021-05-01 | PDF
    One of the main advantages of automated driving systems (ADS) is that they promise to substantially reduce the frequency and severity of crashes. While there is optimism as to their ultimate safety benefit, there will likely be a transition period from human-driven to computer-driven vehicles that may bring new, and potentially in-creased, risks. O ...
  • Test Procedures with Countermeasure Timing Constraints for Intersection Movement and Left Turn Assist Safety Applications
    Test Procedures with Countermeasure Timing Constraints for Intersection Movement and Left Turn Assist Safety Applications
    Azeredo, Philip ;
    Tiernan, Tim
    2021-05-01 | PDF
    This report describes test procedures with countermeasure timing constraints used to qualify the performance of intersection movement assist and left turn assist safety applications. These applications warn the driver of an imminent straight-crossing-paths or left-turn-across-path/opposite-direction collision at a road junction. The test procedures ...
  • Performance of Energy Management Features of Child Restraint System LATCH Hardware
    Performance of Energy Management Features of Child Restraint System LATCH Hardware
    Manary, Miriam A. ;
    Klinich, Kathleen DeSantis
    2021-05-01 | PDF
    This small-scale study used sled testing to explore the effects of two commercially available CRS (child restraint system) LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children) energy management features on the loads delivered to the vehicle LATCH hardware and the resulting anthropomorphic test device (ATD) accelerations and excursions. Paired sled tests ...
  • Hazard Analysis of Concept HeavyTruck Platooning Systems
    Hazard Analysis of Concept Heavy-Truck Platooning Systems
    Polinori, Anthony ;
    Rice, Tony
    2021-05-01 | PDF
    This study explores the potential safety implications of two heavy-truck platooning concepts. The findings summarized in this final report are intended to assist with identifying and assessing potential safety hazards and risks associated with concept heavy truck platooning systems. This study reviewed heavy truck platooning systems and concepts un ...
  • Advanced Test Tools for ADAS and ADS
    Advanced Test Tools for ADAS and ADS
    Albrecht, Heath ;
    Barickman, Frank S.
    2021-05-01 | PDF
    This document describes the current test tools and capabilities established at NHTSA’s Vehicle Research and Test Center for researching the safety performance of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and automated driving systems (ADS) in a closed-course setting. This paper focuses on immediate and future needs for ADAS and ADS closed-course te ...
  • Traffic Jam Assist Draft Test Procedure Performability Validation
    Traffic Jam Assist Draft Test Procedure Performability Validation
    Fogle, Erin ;
    Arquette, Tyler E.
    2021-05-01 | PDF
    This report (a) summarizes the three test scenarios intended to emulate situations commonly encountered during real-world driving where a traffic jam assist (TJA) system may be expected to operate; (b) discusses the results from testing one light vehicle equipped with TJA on the test track; and (c) provides general assessments of revisions made to ...
  • Implementation of the Revised Safety Impact Methodology Tool
    Implementation of the Revised Safety Impact Methodology Tool
    Yanagisawa, Mikio ;
    Razo, Michael
    2021-05-01 | PDF
    The Safety Impact Methodology (SIM) software tool is a suite of simulation modules designed to assess the safety effectiveness of crash avoidance systems based on cooperative vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications and/or vehicle-based sensors such as radar. The tool uses a Monte Carlo simulation approach to estimate reductions in crashes and crash ...
  • Electric Vehicle GTR Test Development Validation and Assessment
    Electric Vehicle GTR Test Development, Validation, and Assessment
    Schnorenberg, Robert ;
    Fleck, Joe
    2021-04-01 | PDF
    A global technical regulation for electric vehicles (GTR No. 20) was established in the Global Registry on March 14, 2018. GTR No. 20 introduced performance-oriented requirements that address potential safety risks of electric vehicles while in use and after a crash event, including electrical shocks associated with the high-voltage circuits of ele ...
  • Opposing Traffic Safety Assist Draft Test Procedure Performability Validation
    Opposing Traffic Safety Assist Draft Test Procedure Performability Validation
    Manahan, Taylor ;
    Forkenbrock, Garrick J.
    2021-04-01 | PDF
    This report summarizes test track validation of NHTSA’s September 2019 Opposing Traffic Safety Assist (OTSA) draft research test procedure. Three of the five test scenarios described in this draft procedure (Scenarios 1, 2, and 4) were used to objectively and effectively assess OTSA performance with the SV operating in automation levels 0 and 1. Si ...
  • An Approach for the Selection and Description of Elements Used to Define Driving Scenarios
    An Approach for the Selection and Description of Elements Used to Define Driving Scenarios
    Rao, Sughosh J. ;
    Deosthale, Eeshan
    2021-04-01 | PDF
    This report reviews existing pre-crash scenario typologies and various proposed behavioral competencies in literature that may be relevant to automated driving systems (ADSs) and selects five example scenarios to facilitate exploration of elements that may be helpful in characterizing them. The selected scenarios were: rear-end scenario, lead vehic ...
  • Potential Alternative Methodology for Evaluating Flammability of Interior Automotive Materials
    Potential Alternative Methodology for Evaluating Flammability of Interior Automotive Materials
    Huczek, Jason P ;
    Janssens, Marc L.
    2021-04-01 | PDF
    This paper describes results of an ongoing research program conducted at Southwest Research Institute for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The purpose of the research is to improve the repeatability and reproducibility of evaluating the flammability of interior materials that are difficult to test according to FMVSS No. 302 (e.g. ...
  • Occupant Dynamics During Crash Avoidance Maneuvers
    Occupant Dynamics During Crash Avoidance Maneuvers
    Reed, Matthew P. ;
    Ebert, Sheila M.
    2021-02-01 | PDF
    A 12-participant test-track study in a sedan, a minivan, and a pickup assessed head excursions across vehicles using two abrupt braking events, two lane changes, and turn-and-brake maneuvers. Forward head excursion was slightly smaller in the passenger car than in the other two vehicles. No explanation for this finding was apparent; the vehicle kin ...
  • FMVSS Considerations for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems Volume 2
    FMVSS Considerations for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems: Volume 2
    Chaka, Michelle ;
    Blanco, Myra
    2021-01-01 | PDF
    Included in this second volume are 18 Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) research findings, including the performance requirements and test procedures, in terms of options regarding technical translations, based on potential regulatory barriers identified for compliance verification of innovative new vehicle designs that may appear in v ...
  • Classification of Level 2 Driving Events Observed on Public Roads
    Classification of Level 2 Driving Events Observed on Public Roads
    Rao, Sughosh J. ;
    Forkenbrock, Garrick J.
    2021-01-01 | PDF
    This report summarizes the data collected while operating three vehicles equipped with SAE automation level 2 driver assistance systems. Using cameras, driver-annotated video was recorded to document the systems’ availability and noteworthy operation. Notable events were classified into three categories: events where the vehicle terminated its auto ...
  • Driver Expectations for System Control Errors Driver Engagement and Crash Avoidance in Level 2 Driving Automation Systems
    Driver Expectations for System Control Errors, Driver Engagement, and Crash Avoidance in Level 2 Driving Automation Systems
    Russell, Sheldon M. ;
    Atwood, Jon
    2021-01-01 | PDF
    This project investigated how driver expectations about Level 2 ADAS systems affect driver engagement and performance. Many vehicles available to consumers offer some level of automated driving functionality, but the capabilities of these vehicles vary widely among makes and models. Drivers may have preconceived expectations about how these driver ...
  • Evaluation of Child Restraint System Effectiveness
    Evaluation of Child Restraint System Effectiveness
    Pai, Jia-Ern
    2020-12-01 | PDF
    NHTSA recommends different child restraint systems for child occupants from birth to age 13. This evaluation separated child occupants into different age groups: 1- to 3-year-old, 3- to 5-year-old, 4- to 8-year-old, 5- to 8-year-old, and 7- to 8-year-old to examine the effects of child restraint systems on reducing fatalities and injury severity. F ...
101 - 120 / 261
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