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NHTSA - Behavioral Safety Research

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

This collection features publications and reports from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Behavioral Safety Research program. The program studies highway safety attitudes and behaviors, with a specific focus on the actions of drivers, passengers, pedestrians, and motorcyclists. Resources in this collection help identify and measure the human behaviors most frequently involved in crashes or associated with traffic injuries. Furthermore, these reports document the development and refinement of safety countermeasures designed to deter unsafe practices and promote safe transportation alternatives. For more information, visit the NHTSA Behavioral Research page.

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Showing 221 - 240 of 1438 results
  • Young Driver Survey
    Young Driver Survey
    Wilbur, Melanie
    2019-10-01 | PDF
    The over-representation of young drivers in crashes and road fatalities is a serious public health concern and imposes substantial human, social, and economic costs. Contributing factors to crash risk include exposure, inexperience, distraction, recklessness, and social influence from peer passengers. Fortunately, young driver motor vehicle crashes ...
  • Activity Level Performance and Exposure among Older Drivers
    Activity Level, Performance and Exposure among Older Drivers
    Staplin, Loren ;
    Lococo, Kathy H.
    2019-09-01 | PDF
    This project explored the relationship between the fitness of older people – operationalized through multiple measures of physical activity level and cognitive status – and their driving performance and exposure. A certified driver rehabilitation specialist conducted on-road evaluations for a study sample (n=67; mean age=78.6) recruited from senior ...
  • Fatigue in Emergency Medical Services Systems
    Fatigue in Emergency Medical Services Systems
    Patterson, P. Daniel ;
    Robinson, Kathy
    2019-08-01 | PDF
    This project produced five evidence-based guidelines (EBGs) for fatigue risk management tailored to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) operations using the National Prehospital EBG Model Process and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. 1.Use fatigue/sleepiness survey instruments to measure and mo ...
  • Motorcyclists Attitudes on Using HighVisibility Gear to Improve Conspicuity Findings From a Focus Group Study
    Motorcyclists’ Attitudes on Using High-Visibility Gear to Improve Conspicuity: Findings From a Focus Group Study
    Jenness, J. W. ;
    Yahoodik, S.
    2019-05-01 | PDF
    In its Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21) Act, Congress directed NHTSA to establish a cooperative program, the National Cooperative Research and Evaluation Program (NCREP), to conduct research and evaluations of State highway safety countermeasures. NCREP was continued in the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation (FAST) Act. T ...
  • Social Media Practices in Traffic Safety
    Social Media Practices in Traffic Safety
    Sack, Rachael ;
    Foreman, Christina
    2019-05-01 | PDF
    This study researched how State Highway Safety Offices (SHSOs) are using social media, and the opportunities, benefits, and challenges social media presents. While social media continues to rapidly evolve, this report provides statistical analysis on the state of the practice of SHSO social media. It also describes new and creative ways SHSOs are s ...
  • Mild Cognitive Impairment and Driving Performance
    Mild Cognitive Impairment and Driving Performance
    Staplin, Loren ;
    Lococo, Kathy H.
    2019-01-01 | PDF
    The objective of this project was to explore differences in driving performance and exposure between participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-operationally defined through recognized clinical methods – and a comparison group of drivers of comparable age who did not meet those criteria. MCI refers to an intermediary, symptomatic state betwe ...
  • Portable MultiSensor System for Intersection Safety Performance Assessment
    Portable Multi-Sensor System for Intersection Safety Performance Assessment
    Sharma, Anuj ;
    Chakraborty, Pranamesh
    2018-07-01 | PDF
    State departments of transportation (DOTs) and city municipal agencies install a large number of roadside cameras on freeways and arterials for surveillance tasks. It is estimated that there will be approximately a billion cameras worldwide by 2020. However, most of these cameras are used for manual surveillance purposes only. The main objective of ...
  • Age Versus Experience Evaluation of Video Feedback Intervention for Newly Licensed Teen Drivers
    Age Versus Experience: Evaluation of Video Feedback Intervention for Newly Licensed Teen Drivers
    Reyes, Michelle L. ;
    McGehee, Daniel V.
    2018-07-01 | PDF
    Previous studies have shown that event-triggered, video-based interventions have the potential to improve driving safety among young drivers. Nine states including Iowa have some type of restricted driving license that allows drivers younger than 16 to independently operate motor vehicles. While these license types typically restrict the kind of dr ...
  • Traffic Safety Facts Research Note Additional Analysis of National Child Restraint Use Special Study Child Restraint Misuse
    Traffic Safety Facts Research Note: Additional Analysis of National Child Restraint Use Special Study: Child Restraint Misuse
    Raymond, Paula D. ;
    Searcy, Sarah
    2018-07-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Safety Facts | PDF
    The National Child Restraint Use Special Study (NCRUSS), conducted in 2011, recorded the use of car seats and belt-positioning booster seats in children from birth to 8 years old in 4,167 vehicles. Observers approached vehicles that carried at least one child. They interviewed the drivers and recorded observations of the restraint of one child per ...
  • Evaluation of Teen Seat Belt Demonstration Projects in Louisiana Mississippi New Mexico and Texas
    Evaluation of Teen Seat Belt Demonstration Projects in Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, and Texas
    Nichols, J. L. ;
    Haire, E.
    2018-07-01 | PDF
    Four States in NHTSA’s Region 6 began multi-wave teen seat belt demonstration projects in May 2009. They conducted four waves of paid media and law enforcement activities over the following year. Two of these waves were conducted immediately prior to statewide Click It or Ticket (CIOT) seat belt mobilizations (May 2009 and May 2010), and two were c ...
  • The Effects of Medical Conditions on Driving Performance A Literature Review and Synthesis
    The Effects of Medical Conditions on Driving Performance: A Literature Review and Synthesis
    Lococo, Kathy H. ;
    Staplin, Loren
    2018-07-01 | PDF
    This literature review relates changes in performance or safety outcome measures for older drivers to their medical conditions or medication use, and associated functional impairments. It was carried out as an initial task in the project, The Effects of Medical Conditions on Driving Performance. Researchers conducted a search of peer-reviewed journ ...
  • Older Drivers and Navigation Devices
    Older Drivers and Navigation Devices
    Thomas, F. Dennis ;
    Dickerson, Anne E.
    2018-06-01 | PDF
    This project examined measures related to older adults’ driving performance while they drove to a familiar destination without navigation aids, and when following new routes they had not previously driven using paper directions or an electronic navigation system (ENS), often called a “GPS.” Phase 1 also explored the effects of experience/familiarit ...
  • Traffic Tech Teen Driver Monitoring Technology
    Traffic Tech: Teen Driver Monitoring Technology
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Behavioral Safety Research
    2018-06-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Data show that crash rates during teens’ pre-licensing, adult supervised driving practice are low, then increase about tenfold when young drivers begin to drive independently. In-vehicle technologies aim to continue this low-risk interval once teens begin driving on their own by providing feedback to drivers as well as to parents. Some of these dev ...
  • ImpairedDriving Leadership Model Findings Based on Three State Case Studies Final Report
    Impaired-Driving Leadership Model – Findings Based on Three State Case Studies [Final Report]
    Coleman, Heidi ;
    Mizenko, Krista
    2018-05-01 | PDF
    Following dramatic declines in impaired driving in the 1980’s and early 1990’s, further progress has been challenging to achieve. While there was a 26 percent decline in the number of alcohol-impaired-driving fatalities from 13,290 in 2001 to a low of 9865 in 2011, the number has crept up by 6.4 percent since then to10,497 in 2016. These 10,497 alc ...
  • ImpairedDriving Leadership Model Findings Based on Three State Case Studies Traffic Tech
    Impaired-Driving Leadership Model – Findings Based on Three State Case Studies [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Behavioral Safety Research
    2018-05-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    This report contains case studies of an Impaired Driving Leadership Model, as it was implemented in three States – New Mexico, Washington State, and Oklahoma. Each case study highlights steps in the process that led to the Leadership Model’s implementation, elements of the Leadership Model’s structure, key components of its operation, and impacts t ...
  • Older Driver Compliance with License Restrictions
    Older Driver Compliance with License Restrictions
    Joyce, John ;
    Lococo, Kathy H.
    2018-04-01 | PDF
    To safely extend licensure for older drivers with marginal impairments, State driver licensing agencies may impose behavioral restrictions in lieu of suspension to preserve mobility. Examples include driving only in daylight, avoiding complex road types, speed limitations, and proximity to home. This project surveyed driver restriction practices an ...
  • Evaluation of Nighttime Seat Belt Enforcement Demonstration Program and Identification of Characteristics of Unbelted HighRisk Drivers
    Evaluation of Nighttime Seat Belt Enforcement Demonstration Program and Identification of Characteristics of Unbelted High-Risk Drivers
    Retting, Richard ;
    Ballou, McKenzie
    2018-04-01 | PDF
    The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a high-visibility nighttime seat belt enforcement program conducted in Maryland by measuring changes in day and night self-reported and observed seat belt use and crash outcomes. To better understand the characteristics of unbelted drivers, the study compared the driving records of motorists who rece ...
  • Traffic Tech Evaluation of Marylands Nighttime Seat Belt Demonstration Program
    Traffic Tech: Evaluation of Maryland's Nighttime Seat Belt Demonstration Program
    United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2018-04-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    About half of all traffic fatalities occur at night, although only about one quarter of travel occurs after dark. Lower rates of seat belt use at night may be a factor. In terms of crash history, evidence suggests that unbelted drivers are more likely to be on the road at night, to drive after drinking, and to be worse drivers than those who wear s ...
  • Visual Scanning Training for Older Drivers A Literature Review
    Visual Scanning Training for Older Drivers: A Literature Review
    Lococo, Kathy H. ;
    Staplin, Loren
    2018-04-01 | PDF
    This literature review focuses on older drivers' visual scanning ability and on evaluations of training in visual scanning skills for older adults, updating a previous review of studies published from 1997 to 2008 describing age-related functional changes (Staplin, Lococo, Martell, & Stutts, 2012). An annotated bibliography in the Appendix provides ...
  • Feasibility of Modeling the Relationship between Seat Belt Program Inputs and Outcomes
    Feasibility of Modeling the Relationship between Seat Belt Program Inputs and Outcomes
    Romano, Eduardo ;
    Thomas, Dennis
    2018-04-01 | PDF
    The objective of this project was to determine the feasibility of building a model that could be used as a decision-making tool for State Highway Safety Offices (SHSOs) to help predict how resource adjustments may affect seat belt use (both positively and negatively) to avoid inadvertent negative effects on seat belt use rates and unrestrained fata ...
221 - 240 / 1438