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FAA Fire Safety

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

FAA, Fire Safety. This collection contains reports and resources from the Federal Aviation Administration’s Fire Safety Branch research program. Bookmark this collection: https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/collection_fire_safety.

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0 of 232
Showing 21 - 40 of 218 results
  • Accounting for Baseline Drift in the Microscale Combustion Calorimeter
    Accounting for Baseline Drift in the Microscale Combustion Calorimeter
    Lyon, Richard E. ;
    Walters, Richard N.
    2022-09-01 | PDF
    The aircraft industry in partnership with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) formed a task group in 2013 to consider using the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D7309 "Standard Test Method for Determining Flammability Characteristics of Plastics and Other Combustible Solid Materials Using Microscale Combustion Calorimetry" (M ...
  • Effect of Active Cargo Containers on Aircraft Smoke Transport
    Effect of Active Cargo Containers on Aircraft Smoke Transport
    Ferraro, Andrew
    2022-08-01 | PDF
    A simulated model of a full-sized aircraft cargo compartment was used to determine the effect of active cargo containers. Physical testing in conjunction with the simulated cargo compartment was used to validate the accuracy of the Fire Dynamics Simulator model which included an artificial smoke generator. The artificial smoke generator is currentl ...
  • Microscale Flammability Criterion for Constituents of Aircraft Cabin Materials
    Microscale Flammability Criterion for Constituents of Aircraft Cabin Materials
    Safronava, Natallia ;
    Lyon, Richard E.
    2022-08-01 | PDF
    A method and criterion are described to assess the no-effect level of a constituent change on the fire performance of aircraft cabin material or construction. A constituent may be a thermosetting resin, coating, composite, adhesive, potting compound, film, fabric, elastomer, rubber, or thermoplastic. This can be used in the construction of a cabin ...
  • An Analysis of State of Charge in Lithiumion Batteries
    An Analysis of State of Charge in Lithium-ion Batteries
    Keslar, Daniel
    2022-07-01 | PDF
    In February 2022, a package containing 140 lithium-ion pouch cells caught fire on a conveyor belt in a sort facility of an all-cargo airline. One of the packages in the shipment was sent to the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) William J. Hughes Technical Center for hazard evaluation. Specialized cell analysis equipment was used to determine ...
  • Evaluation of Lithium Battery Thermal Runaway Vent Gas Combustion
    Evaluation of Lithium Battery Thermal Runaway Vent Gas Combustion
    Karp, Matthew ;
    Sica, Joseph
    2022-06-01 | PDF
    This research seeks to support the United Nations (UN) Subcommittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (SCOE TDG) establish a more performance-based approach to classifying the various types of lithium-ion batteries for transportation. A proposed standardized test method was used to assess the combustion hazard from a lithium-ion batter ...
  • Evaluation of Lithium Battery Thermal Runaway Propagation
    Evaluation of Lithium Battery Thermal Runaway Propagation
    Maloney, Thomas
    2022-01-01 | PDF
    Although the UN classifies lithium batteries as dangerous goods, current UN numbers for lithium batteries do not indicate what level of hazard each individual shipment may pose. Lithium batteries can exhibit varied temperature rise and propagation characteristics when heated to thermal runaway. Therefore, This study was conducted to characterize th ...
  • A Digital Imaging Technique to Measure Temperatures and Soot Concentrations in Flames of Condensed Phase Fuels
    A Digital Imaging Technique to Measure Temperatures and Soot Concentrations in Flames of Condensed Phase Fuels
    Guo, Haiqing ;
    Lyon, Richard E.
    2021-12-01 | PDF
    Knowing fire temperature and soot concentration in a fire is very important in fire safety research. The fire radiant energy, a function of fire temperature and soot concentration, contributes about 40% of energy loss to the walls of the Ohio State University (OSU) fire calorimeter during the burning of large area cabin materials. This report prese ...
  • A Study on Experimental Tests and Numerical Simulations of Boeing 747 Overhead InaccessibleArea Fires
    A Study on Experimental Tests and Numerical Simulations of Boeing 747 Overhead Inaccessible-Area Fires
    Guo, Haiqing ;
    Vanella, Marcos
    2021-03-01 | PDF
    Hidden fire in an aircraft overhead inaccessible-area is hazardous to in-flight safety and could lead to catastrophic disaster. In this case, fire detection at the earliest stage requires an improved understanding of the heat and mass transfer in overhead areas with curved fuselage sections. In this effort, an experimental campaign was conducted at ...
  • Fuel Tank Flammability Assessment Method Users Manual Updated for Version 11
    Fuel Tank Flammability Assessment Method User's Manual - Updated for Version 11
    Summer, Steven M.
    2021-01-01 | PDF
    The Fuel Tank Flammability Assessment Method (FTFAM) is a Federal Aviation Administration-developed computer model designed as a comparative analysis tool to determine airplane fuel tank flammability as a requirement of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Section 25.981. The model uses Monte Carlo statistical methods to determine the average fuel ...
  • Microscale Fire Test for Component Substitutions in Aircraft Cabin Materials
    Microscale Fire Test for Component Substitutions in Aircraft Cabin Materials
    Safronava, Natallia ;
    Lyon, Richard E.
    2020-09-01 | PDF
    A physically based microscale combustion parameter for early stage fire growth, called the fire growth capacity (FGC) (J/g-K), is derived from a simple burning model. The FGC combines the ignitability and heat release of the material into a single parameter that can be measured in a microscale combustion calorimeter (MCC) using the standard ASTM D7 ...
  • A Physical Basis for Comparing Flammability of Aircraft Cabin Materials Using a Microscale Combustion Calorimeter
    A Physical Basis for Comparing Flammability of Aircraft Cabin Materials Using a Microscale Combustion Calorimeter
    Lyon, Richard E. ;
    Safronava, Natallia
    2020-08-01 | PDF
    In this study, a burning model is used to link the molecular-level processes of flaming combustion measured in thermal analysis to the fire response of a polymer at the continuum level. A flammability parameter that includes ignitability and burning rate, driven by heat release, emerging from this analysis is called the Fire Growth Capacity (FGC). ...
  • Aircraft Materials Fire Test Handbook Revision 3
    Aircraft Materials Fire Test Handbook, Revision 3
    Marker, Timothy R.
    2019-07-01 | PDF
    The FAA has published two previous versions of the Aircraft Materials Fire Test Handbook: DOT/FAA/CT-89/15 and DOT/FAA/AR-00/12. The main purpose of the Handbook is to describe various fire test methods for aircraft materials in a consistent and detailed format. The Handbook provides information to enable the user to assemble and properly use certa ...
  • Thermal Runaway Initiation Methods for Lithium Batteries
    Thermal Runaway Initiation Methods for Lithium Batteries
    Karp, Matthew
    ORCID ICON IMG
    2019-07-01 | PDF
    The prevalence of lithium batteries on aircraft is a potential safety hazard because of the risk of thermal runaway - a rapid rise in temperature and pressure, and the release of flammable gases. The goal of this study was to create a framework for potential guidelines for a standardized test method for the classification of a lithium battery's cel ...
  • Modeling of Hidden Fire in Aircraft Overhead Area
    Modeling of Hidden Fire in Aircraft Overhead Area
    Guo, Haiqing ;
    Oztekin, Ezgi S.
    2019-02-01 | PDF
    Hidden fire in the aircraft cabin has been characterized as a hazardous phenomenon to in-flight safety and could lead to catastrophic disaster. Detecting hidden fire at the earliest stage is required and can be achieved only through an improved understanding of the transport of hot gases and smoke due to a possible hidden fire. This research uses t ...
  • Development of Nexgen Burner Operations Setting for Fire Testing of Power Plant Components
    Development of Nexgen Burner Operations Setting for Fire Testing of Power Plant Components
    Tambe, Samir ;
    Kao, Yi-Huan
    2018-10-01 | PDF
    The Next Generation (NexGen) (sonic) burner is a new burner designed by the FAA William J. Hughes Technical Center for the required FAA fire certification tests on power plant components. The objective of this study is to understand the performance of this burner and provide the benchmark to adapt the burner settings for future FAA fire tests. Test ...
  • A Test Protocol to Define Flammability and Toxic Hazard of Ceiling Impact Protective Material
    A Test Protocol to Define Flammability and Toxic Hazard of Ceiling Impact Protective Material
    Quintiere, James G. ;
    Speitel, Louise
    2018-03-01 | PDF
    A test protocol is developed for assessing the fire hazard of a ceiling material in a combat ground vehicle. The hazards to the occupants include the thermal and toxic hazards from asphyxiant and irritant gases. An analysis is developed to determine the critical material fire properties that meet a safe level. The safe level is defined to consist o ...
  • The Effects of Topcoat Color and Material Thickness on the Flammability Characteristics of Composite and Aluminum Wing Fuel Tanks
    The Effects of Topcoat Color and Material Thickness on the Flammability Characteristics of Composite and Aluminum Wing Fuel Tanks
    Summer, Steven M.
    2017-12-01 | PDF
    The Airport and Aircraft Safety Research and Development Group Fire Safety Team performed tests at the FAA William J. Hughes Technical Center to examine the variation in flammability exposure of fuel tanks comprised of a composite material skin and a traditional aluminum skin. The variation in topcoat color of the aluminum material was analyzed, as ...
  • Cargo Fire Suppression by Depressurization
    Cargo Fire Suppression by Depressurization
    Burns, Michael ;
    Hill, Richard
    2017-11-01 | PDF
    The effectiveness of aircraft depressurization (reduced pressure) on the burning behavior of stacked cargo, batteries, fuel, and materials was measured in a 381-cubic-foot (10.8-cubic-meter) pressure vessel, modified to conduct fire tests at a specific reduced pressure or programmed to vary the pressure to simulate aircraft depressurization to cont ...
  • A Comparison of the Performance of OSUCompliant versus NonOSUCompliant Thermoplastics Used in the Lower Area of Aircraft Seats during a Simulated Postcrash Fire Scenario
    A Comparison of the Performance of OSU-Compliant versus Non-OSU-Compliant Thermoplastics Used in the Lower Area of Aircraft Seats during a Simulated Post-crash Fire Scenario
    Marker, Timothy R.
    2017-09-01 | PDF
    This report summarizes the research effort undertaken by the FAA to determine any differences in occupant survivability during a simulated post-crash fire when using thermoplastic paneling located in the lower seating area that meets current heat release rate requirements versus paneling that does not meet the current heat release rate requirements ...
  • Flammability of Materials in a LowConcentration Hydrogen Environment
    Flammability of Materials in a Low-Concentration Hydrogen Environment
    Rehn, Steven
    2017-09-01 | PDF
    A series of tests was conducted to determine the effect that concentrations of hydrogen below its lower flammability limit can have on the burning of other materials. The vertical Bunsen burner test cabinet was set up to run tests with hydrogen concentrations varying between 0% and 4% by volume. Three different materials were tested: a 1/16″ thick ...
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