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NHTSA - Vehicle Safety Research

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

This collection features publications and reports from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Vehicle Safety Research program. Its mission is to strategize, plan, and execute research initiatives that advance the agency's core goal: reducing motor vehicle crashes, fatalities, and injuries. Resources in this collection reflect research prioritized for its potential to improve highway safety, ensuring direct alignment with Congressional mandates and broader Department of Transportation (DOT) and NHTSA objectives. For more information, visit the NHTSA Vehicle Safety Research.

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Showing 121 - 140 of 267 results
  • Potential Alternative Methodology for Evaluating Flammability of Interior Automotive Materials
    Potential Alternative Methodology for Evaluating Flammability of Interior Automotive Materials
    Huczek, Jason P ;
    Janssens, Marc L. ;
    Cabiness, Spring
    ; etc...
    2021-04-01 | PDF
    This paper describes results of an ongoing research program conducted at Southwest Research Institute for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The purpose of the research is to improve the repeatability and reproducibility of evaluating the flammability of interior materials that are difficult to test according to FMVSS No. 302 (e.g. ...
  • Occupant Dynamics During Crash Avoidance Maneuvers
    Occupant Dynamics During Crash Avoidance Maneuvers
    Reed, Matthew P. ;
    Ebert, Sheila M. ;
    Jones, Monica H.
    ; etc...
    2021-02-01 | PDF
    A 12-participant test-track study in a sedan, a minivan, and a pickup assessed head excursions across vehicles using two abrupt braking events, two lane changes, and turn-and-brake maneuvers. Forward head excursion was slightly smaller in the passenger car than in the other two vehicles. No explanation for this finding was apparent; the vehicle kin ...
  • FMVSS Considerations for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems Volume 2
    FMVSS Considerations for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems: Volume 2
    Chaka, Michelle ;
    Blanco, Myra ;
    Stowe, L.
    ; etc...
    2021-01-01 | PDF
    Included in this second volume are 18 Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) research findings, including the performance requirements and test procedures, in terms of options regarding technical translations, based on potential regulatory barriers identified for compliance verification of innovative new vehicle designs that may appear in v ...
  • Classification of Level 2 Driving Events Observed on Public Roads
    Classification of Level 2 Driving Events Observed on Public Roads
    Rao, Sughosh J. ;
    Forkenbrock, Garrick J. ;
    2021-01-01 | PDF
    This report summarizes the data collected while operating three vehicles equipped with SAE automation level 2 driver assistance systems. Using cameras, driver-annotated video was recorded to document the systems’ availability and noteworthy operation. Notable events were classified into three categories: events where the vehicle terminated its auto ...
  • Driver Expectations for System Control Errors Driver Engagement and Crash Avoidance in Level 2 Driving Automation Systems
    Driver Expectations for System Control Errors, Driver Engagement, and Crash Avoidance in Level 2 Driving Automation Systems
    Russell, Sheldon M. ;
    Atwood, Jon ;
    McLaughlin, Shane B.
    2021-01-01 | PDF
    This project investigated how driver expectations about Level 2 ADAS systems affect driver engagement and performance. Many vehicles available to consumers offer some level of automated driving functionality, but the capabilities of these vehicles vary widely among makes and models. Drivers may have preconceived expectations about how these driver ...
  • Evaluation of Child Restraint System Effectiveness
    Evaluation of Child Restraint System Effectiveness
    Pai, Jia-Ern
    2020-12-01 | PDF
    NHTSA recommends different child restraint systems for child occupants from birth to age 13. This evaluation separated child occupants into different age groups: 1- to 3-year-old, 3- to 5-year-old, 4- to 8-year-old, 5- to 8-year-old, and 7- to 8-year-old to examine the effects of child restraint systems on reducing fatalities and injury severity. F ...
  • Biofidelity Report of the THOR 5th Percentile Anthropomorphic Test Device
    Biofidelity Report of the THOR 5th Percentile Anthropomorphic Test Device
    Wang, Z Jerry ;
    Below, John ;
    Loeber, Brian
    ; etc...
    2020-11-01 | PDF
    Three prototype anthropomorphic test devices (ATD) were fabricated to evaluate the biofidelity of a newly designed THOR 5th percentile female ATD. This report focuses on the biofidelity responses derived from testing one of these ATDs. There were a total of 23 biofidelity test conditions that included the head, neck, shoulder, thorax, abdomen, knee ...
  • Safety of the Intended Functionality of LaneCentering and LaneChanging Maneuvers of a Generic Level 3 Highway Chauffeur System
    Safety of the Intended Functionality of Lane-Centering and Lane-Changing Maneuvers of a Generic Level 3 Highway Chauffeur System
    Becker, Christopher ;
    Brewer, John C. ;
    Yount, Larry
    2020-11-01 | PDF
    This report describes the findings from applying Safety of the Intended Functionality (SOTIF) concepts as described in the Publicly Available Specification (PAS) ISO 21448 to the lane-changing and lane-centering maneuvers of a generic Level 3 highway chauffeur system. This report compares the SOTIF process described in PAS 21448 with the automotive ...
  • Cybersecurity of Firmware Updates
    Cybersecurity of Firmware Updates
    Bielawski, Russ ;
    Gaynier, Ron ;
    Ma, Di
    ; etc...
    2020-10-01 | PDF
    Over-the-Air (OTA) software and firmware updates are widely considered essential for networked devices. In the automotive industry, OTA firmware updates are anticipated to increase the efficiency and decrease the time in updating the critical firmware in vehicles’ electronic control units (ECUs). This project had these objectives: understand the sc ...
  • Occupant Safety in Vehicles Equipped with Automated Driving Systems Part 1 Initial Evaluation of Usability Stability and Injury Prediction Capabilities
    Occupant Safety in Vehicles Equipped with Automated Driving Systems, Part 1: Initial Evaluation of Usability, Stability, and Injury Prediction Capabilities
    Lin, Hongnan ;
    Gepner, Bronislaw ;
    Wu, Taotao
    ; etc...
    2020-07-01 | PDF
    This project sought to perform an initial evaluation of the usability, stability, and potential injury prediction capabilities for two human body models (GHBMC-M50-O and GHBMC-M50-OS) and the NHTSA THOR FE anthropomorphic test device model in occupant postures that will become more possible with automated driving systems (ADS). Postures examined de ...
  • Occupant Safety in Vehicles Equipped with Automated Driving Systems Part 3 Biofidelity Evaluation of GHBMC M50OS Against Laboratory Sled Tests
    Occupant Safety in Vehicles Equipped with Automated Driving Systems, Part 3: Biofidelity Evaluation of GHBMC M50-OS Against Laboratory Sled Tests
    Poulard, David ;
    Lin, Hongnan ;
    Panzer, Matthew B.
    2020-07-01 | PDF
    Current restraint systems and safety evaluation tools are based on a nearly 70-year developmental history, during which one primary factor remained consistent – the general position of the occupants. Automated Driving Systems (ADS) have an opportunity to disrupt this paradigm by allowing occupant positions not constrained by the need to actively co ...
  • Parameter Study of the OMDB Test Procedure
    Parameter Study of the OMDB Test Procedure
    Reichert, Rudolf ;
    Kan, Cing-Dao ;
    2020-06-01 | PDF
    Oblique impact configurations account for a significant amount of real-world accidents. Compared to co-linear frontal crash configurations, these impacts have different occupant kinematics and vehicle intrusion patterns. Consequently, a new oblique impact test is being developed and investigated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ...
  • Functional Safety Research Considerations for Heavy Vehicles
    Functional Safety Research Considerations for Heavy Vehicles
    Kellom, Brandy ;
    Monfalcone, Marc ;
    Pape, Douglas B.
    2020-06-01 | PDF
    Industry standard ISO 26262 Road Vehicles - Functional Safety currently applies to vehicles with gross vehicle mass up to 3,500 kg (7,716 lb). The published standard’s scope excludes trucks and buses. This study documents the factors that might necessitate functional safety approaches to have different considerations between different weight classe ...
  • Crash Simulations Between NonOccupied Automated Driving Systems and Roadside Hardware
    Crash Simulations Between Non-Occupied Automated Driving Systems and Roadside Hardware
    Reichert, Rudolf ;
    Marzougui, Dhafer ;
    Kan, Cing-Dao
    2020-06-01 | PDF
    This report assesses crash characteristics of automated driving systems (ADS) vehicles to understand their safety consequences, as well as differences in vehicle kinematics when striking roadside devices compared to traditional vehicles. Because of the variety of roadside hardware, different ADS vehicle sizes\ and diverse impact configurations, fin ...
  • THOR50M Durability Report
    THOR-50M Durability Report
    Millis, William ;
    Hagedorn, Alena V. ;
    Murach, Michelle
    2020-06-01 | PDF
    This report documents the methods and results of qualification-type testing performed to evaluate the durability of the THOR 50th Percentile Male Dummy (THOR-50M). This evaluation concluded that the THOR-50M exhibited acceptable durability when exposed to elevated energy qualification-type tests. The durability assessment began with a baseline qual ...
  • Baseline Analysis of Driver Performance at Intersections for the LeftTurn Assist and Intersection Movement Assist Applications
    Baseline Analysis of Driver Performance at Intersections for the Left-Turn Assist and Intersection Movement Assist Applications
    Stevens, Scott ;
    Lam, Andy H. ;
    Bellone, Jeffrey
    ; etc...
    2020-06-01 | PDF
    This study supports development of left turn assist (LTA) and intersection movement assist (IMA) applications that provide warnings to drivers crossing intersections. The goal is to support improved intersection collision warning applications design by enhancing understanding of intersection behavior, identifying metrics and test procedures through ...
  • Vehicle Bumper Performance in Part 581 Versus Pedestrian Leg Protection
    Vehicle Bumper Performance in Part 581 Versus Pedestrian Leg Protection
    Suntay, Brian ;
    Stammen, Jason ;
    2020-06-01 | PDF
    The objective of this study was to determine if it was possible for a single bumper design to perform well with respect to both pedestrian protection and Part 581 bumper damageability requirements. This possibility was investigated by testing various bumper configurations for a “global platform” vehicle following both the European New Car Assessmen ...
  • FMVSS Considerations for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems Volume 1
    FMVSS Considerations for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems: Volume 1
    Blanco, Myra ;
    Chaka, Michelle ;
    Stowe, L.
    ; etc...
    2020-04-09 | PDF
    The portion of the research project included in this volume focused on 12 Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS). It provides research findings, including the performance requirements and the test procedures, in terms of options regarding technical translations based on potential regulatory barriers identified for compliance verification of ...
  • PreCrash Scenario Characteristics of Motorcycle Crashes for Crash Avoidance Research
    Pre-Crash Scenario Characteristics of Motorcycle Crashes for Crash Avoidance Research
    Swanson, Elizabeth D. ;
    Azeredo, Philip ;
    Yanagisawa, Mikio
    ; etc...
    2020-04-01 | PDF
    This report defines the motorcycle crash problem based on national crash statistics using the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and General Estimates System (GES) crash databases. Motorcycles include two- and three-wheeled motorcycles, mopeds, off-road motorcycles, mini-bikes, motor scooters, and pocket motorcycles. Crashes included in this ...
  • Investigation of Potential Design and Performance Criteria for Booster Seats Through Volunteer and Dynamic Testing
    Investigation of Potential Design and Performance Criteria for Booster Seats Through Volunteer and Dynamic Testing
    Klinich, Kathleen DeSantis ;
    Jones, Monica H. ;
    Manary, Miriam A.
    ; etc...
    2020-04-01 | PDF
    The purpose of this research was to explore candidate booster performance metrics that have the potential to identify less effective booster systems, since current FMVSS No. 213 booster performance requirements can be met without a booster. A combination of volunteer testing of belt fit and posture along with dynamic sled tests of booster seats was ...
121 - 140 / 267
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