Humphreys, T. E., Komodromos, Z. M., Morgan, S. C., Clements, Z. L., Qin, W., & Morrison, W. J. (2026). PNT Protection Through Interference Monitoring and Robust Backups to GNSS. Center for Automated Vehicles Research with Multimodal Assured Navigation (CARMEN+) Tier-1 University Transportation Center (UTC). https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93531
Humphreys, Todd E., Zacharias M. Komodromos, Samuel C. Morgan, Zachary L. Clements, Wenkai Qin, and W. Jeremy Morrison. PNT Protection Through Interference Monitoring and Robust Backups to GNSS. Center for Automated Vehicles Research with Multimodal Assured Navigation (CARMEN+) Tier-1 University Transportation Center (UTC), 2026. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93531.
Humphreys, Todd E., et al. PNT Protection Through Interference Monitoring and Robust Backups to GNSS. Center for Automated Vehicles Research with Multimodal Assured Navigation (CARMEN+) Tier-1 University Transportation Center (UTC), 2026, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93531.
This project report on PNT protection is best viewed as part of a comprehensive navigation and timing solution concept called deep-layered navigation (DLN) in which synergistic but independent systems are layered to increase PNT accuracy and robustness. DLN is the navigation analog of the "defense in depth" concept in information security, where multiple layers of security controls and checkpoints are emplaced throughout a system such that even when some layers are breached, security is maintained. The two primary thrusts of our DLN approach, reported here, are (1) fusion of traditional GNSS with signals from low-Earth orbit (LEO) to strengthen PNT against interference, and (2) monitoring GNSS interference from LEO to geolocate its sources.
Humphreys, T. E., Komodromos, Z. M., Morgan, S. C., Clements, Z. L., Qin, W., & Morrison, W. J. (2026). PNT Protection Through Interference Monitoring and Robust Backups to GNSS. Center for Automated Vehicles Research with Multimodal Assured Navigation (CARMEN+) Tier-1 University Transportation Center (UTC). https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93531
Humphreys, Todd E., Zacharias M. Komodromos, Samuel C. Morgan, Zachary L. Clements, Wenkai Qin, and W. Jeremy Morrison. PNT Protection Through Interference Monitoring and Robust Backups to GNSS. Center for Automated Vehicles Research with Multimodal Assured Navigation (CARMEN+) Tier-1 University Transportation Center (UTC), 2026. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93531.
Humphreys, Todd E., et al. PNT Protection Through Interference Monitoring and Robust Backups to GNSS. Center for Automated Vehicles Research with Multimodal Assured Navigation (CARMEN+) Tier-1 University Transportation Center (UTC), 2026, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93531.
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