Alternative Cementitious Materials (ACMs) for Durable and Sustainable Transportation Infrastructures
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2022-12-01
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Edition:Final Report
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Abstract:After water, concrete is the second most consumed/produced material in the world. The cement sector is the third-largest industrial energy consumer in the world, responsible for 7% of industrial energy use, and the second industrial emitter of carbon dioxide, with about 7% of global emissions. Alternative cementitious materials offer some potential solutions as sustainable alternatives to cement. This project investigates properties of two types of concretes made with slag as one of the relatively wide available alternative cementitious materials in the state of Maine. Part I of this research is about CO2 – activated concretes. Using 3 various curing procedures, 18 different mixtures were defined in this part of research. Workability, compressive strength, free shrinkage, bulk, and surface electrical resistivity tests were performed to study the fresh and hardened properties of these CO2 – activated concretes. Part II of this study is about alkali – activated concretes. 13 different batches were developed and tested in this section. Compressive strength, free shrinkage, bulk, and surface electrical resistivity tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical and transport properties of the developed alkali – activated concretes. Then all 252 bulk and surface electrical resistivity tests were compared and were showed that the results are compatible. Finally, the MaineDOT method for concrete permeability evaluation was reviewed. Formation factor analysis showed that the current MaineDOT method (using surface resistivity) is not perfect and new performance-based methods based on formation factor, like AASHTO PP84-20 method, should be used.
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