Cyber Resilience of Connected and Autonomous Transportation Systems (Phase I): State-of-the-Art and Research Gaps

Details

• Creators:
  Noruzoliaee, Mohamadhossein ; Nazari, Fatemeh
• Corporate Creators:
  University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
• Corporate Contributors:
  Carnegie Mellon University. Traffic21 Institute. Safety21 University Transportation Center (UTC) ; United States. Department of Transportation. University Transportation Centers (UTC) Program ; United States. Department of Transportation. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology ; United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  Autonomous Vehicles Computer Security Connected Vehicles Forecasting Vehicle Safety
• Publication/ Report Number:
  547
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  United States
• Edition:
  Final Report (July 1, 2024 – June 30, 2025)
• Corporate Publisher:
  Carnegie Mellon University. Traffic21 Institute. Safety21 University Transportation Center (UTC)
• Abstract:
  Connected and autonomous transportation systems (CATS) promise major advances in efficiency and safety but also expose cyber-physical infrastructures to evolving cyber-attacks that threaten security and safety. This survey provides a unified synthesis of cyber resilience in CATS, organized along three axes: (1) operational scale (micro, meso, and macro), (2) targeted functional domains (connectivity and autonomy) and cyber-physical components (sensing, control, and networking), and (3) attack-defense mapping, where attack surfaces are categorized by the confidentiality-integrity-availability (CIA) triad and defenses are aligned with resilience objectives (robustness, detection, response, recovery, and adaptation). Building on this taxonomy, the survey advances three contributions. First, it integrates attack surfaces, functional domains, cyber-physical components, defense strategies, and resilience objectives into a coherent framework spanning multiple scales of CATS. Second, it synthesizes methodological and assurance frontiers across theoretical approaches (optimization, game theory, and control theory), learning-based techniques (AI and adversarial machine learning), and emerging paradigms (quantum and post-quantum), together with validation infrastructures such as digital twins, testbeds, and benchmarking frameworks. Third, it articulates a forward-looking research agenda that identifies critical gaps, encompassing cross-layer resilience, unified trustworthiness, certified guarantees in safety-critical contexts, dual-use risks, lifecycle-aware resilience, and socio-technical integration. By consolidating fragmented research into a rigorous taxonomy and roadmap, this survey provides both the foundations and the future directions for advancing trustworthy and resilient transportation systems.
• Format:
  PDF
• Funding:
  69A3552344811, 69A3552348316
• Collection(s):
  University Transportation Centers Autonomous Vehicles
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:284d9e4ef50bc75a1314a016ab05f5db248c8527f15e5375855c9e2bcb471f88ee58b77b68bd9a68221197f3b966428d1b800ee6e5b287c3933ff5c86550670b
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86379/dot_86379_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.12 MB ]