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Autonomous Vehicles

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By leveraging advanced technologies, Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) hold the potential to increase transportation safety and efficiency. This collection showcases USDOT-funded research and data concerning AVs. Bookmark this collection: https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/collection_avs OR https://doi.org/10.21949/1x81-qs91.

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Showing 1 - 20 of 899 results
  • Exploring Autonomous Maintenance Technologies AMT in INDOT Road Maintenance Activities A Feasibility Study
    Exploring Autonomous Maintenance Technologies (AMT) in INDOT Road Maintenance Activities: A Feasibility Study
    John, Ajuna Puthenpurackal ;
    Zhang, Congjing
    2026-09-16 | PDF
    This project conducted a feasibility study of adopting autonomous maintenance technologies (AMTs) for Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) road maintenance activities. It surveyed state DOT representatives on AMT adoption, reviewed candidate AMT products and automation levels, and conducted a pre-acceptance survey to INDOT maintenance perso ...
  • Generating HighAccuracy Transportation Datasets With Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
    Generating High-Accuracy Transportation Datasets With Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
    Köpeczi-Bócz, Ákos T. ;
    Mi, Tian
    2026-09-02 | PDF
    A new trend in the area of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) is infrastructure-based sensing and tracking. By installing roadside cameras at the infrastructure, one can monitor the overall traffic situation and, after processing the collected data via edge computing, the information can be communicated to CAVs via V2X connectivity. This has a ...
  • TrustBuilding in Level 4 Automation by Intent Communication InVehicle HMI Design Passenger Trust and Visual Attention
    Trust-Building in Level 4 Automation by Intent Communication: In-Vehicle HMI Design, Passenger Trust, and Visual Attention
    Pradhan, Anuj K. ;
    Hungund, Apoorva P.
    2026-09-01 | PDF
    At SAE Level 4 automation the vehicle occupant becomes a passenger with no driving role, no fallback obligation, and no expectation of takeover. The passenger cannot intervene with the driving and thus must rely on trust. Here, it is the in-vehicle human-machine interface (HMI) that is the primary channel through which the vehicle can make its perc ...
  • Cyber Resilience of Connected and Autonomous Transportation Systems Phase II GameTheoretic Security Assurance of NetworkLevel Traffic Signal Control
    Cyber Resilience of Connected and Autonomous Transportation Systems (Phase II): Game-Theoretic Security Assurance of Network-Level Traffic Signal Control
    Noruzoliaee, Mohamadhossein ;
    Hernandez, Mark
    2026-08-31 | PDF
    Intelligent traffic signal control (TSC) is critical to connected and autonomous transportation systems, with important implications for mobility and safety. Its reliance on observed and communicated traffic information, however, creates cybersecurity vulnerabilities to adversarial information manipulation. This research investigates the robustness ...
  • Evaluating Autonomous Vehicles Pedestrian Safety Benefits in Road Networks
    Evaluating Autonomous Vehicles' Pedestrian Safety Benefits in Road Networks
    Joe-Wong, Carlee ;
    Yağan, Osman
    2026-08-31 | PDF
    The purpose of this work was to investigate how CAV (connected autonomous vehicle) deployments affect pedestrian safety and the tradeoffs between safety and traffic congestion that are induced by CAV navigation around a city, particularly in the context of mixed human-driven vehicle and CAV populations. The project focused on developing methods to ...
  • Safe and Efficient Automated Freeway Traffic ControlPhase 3 Final Report
    Safe and Efficient Automated Freeway Traffic Control-Phase 3 Final Report
    Coifman, Benjamin ;
    Liu, Yuan
    2026-08-31 | PDF
    The goal of this work is to eliminate unexpected stops to improve safety with the added benefit of reducing accelerations to improve fuel efficiency. Congested traffic is characterized by signals and waves propagating upstream through the queued traffic. Freeway drivers do not expect to encounter abrupt drops in speed or stopped traffic, as a resul ...
  • Humanoid As Human Assessment for the Safety of Vulnerable Road Users
    Humanoid As Human Assessment for the Safety of Vulnerable Road Users
    Li, Miao ;
    Lai, Chengkai
    2026-08-31 | PDF
    This project builds a pipeline that bridges virtual and physical safety evaluation of autonomous driving under critical scenarios involving vulnerable road users (VRUs). We extend an esmini-based simulator to replay scenarios and control every road user, develop Crash Agent v2 to generate diverse, executable VRU-centric scenarios from NHTSA crash r ...
  • Safe Driving Across Domains
    Safe Driving Across Domains
    Zhang, Peter ;
    Tang, Pingbo
    2026-08-31 | PDF
    Self-driving systems are designed and tested for specific operating conditions, called operational design domains. Moving a system to new roads, new cities, or new traffic rules normally requires retraining it on large amounts of local data, which is slow, expensive, and hard to audit. This project developed and tested a different approach. Modern ...
  • Structured Exploration Bootstrapping Reinforcement Learning With SubOptimal Policies for Autonomous Driving in Complex Traffic Scenarios
    Structured Exploration: Bootstrapping Reinforcement Learning With Sub-Optimal Policies for Autonomous Driving in Complex Traffic Scenarios
    Redmill, Keith A. ;
    Zhang, Zhihao
    2026-08-31 | PDF
    Automated vehicle control using reinforcement learning (RL) has attracted significant attention due to its potential to learn driving policies through environment interaction. However, RL agents often face training challenges in sample efficiency and effective exploration, especially in complex driving scenarios with delayed rewards, making it diff ...
  • CostEffective RadarBased Depth Perception and Scene Interpretation
    Cost-Effective Radar-Based Depth Perception and Scene Interpretation
    Dolan, John M.
    ORCID ICON IMG
    2026-08-31 | PDF
    One of the current challenges for autonomous vehicles (AV) is providing provable safety in urban driving and highway driving. LIDAR provides accurate depth and shape information, but remains quite expensive. In this research we explore the viability of fusing 4D radar images with camera images as an alternative to using LIDAR. Our research aims to ...
  • Planning and Policy for Safer Roads With Autonomous Vehicles Decision Making Behavior in DilemmaInducing Situations Phase II
    Planning and Policy for Safer Roads With Autonomous Vehicles: Decision Making Behavior in Dilemma-Inducing Situations - Phase II
    Escalante, Norma ;
    Nazari, Fatemeh
    2026-08-30 | PDF
    The safe deployment of autonomous vehicles (AVs) depends not only on advances in automated driving technology but also on understanding how humans respond when confronted with complex, safety-critical situations. This project investigated human decision-making and take-over behavior in AV dilemma scenarios, where automated systems and human drivers ...
  • Exploring LargeScale Crowdsourced Connected Vehicle Data CVD to Support Alabama Transportation DecisionMaking
    Exploring Large-Scale Crowdsourced Connected Vehicle Data (CVD) to Support Alabama Transportation Decision-Making
    Penmetsa, Praveena ;
    Zhang, Zihe
    2026-08-03 | PDF
    Connected vehicle data (CVD) provides high-resolution, continuous observations of vehicle trajectories, speeds, and driving events, offering significant advantages over traditional data sources in terms of spatial accuracy, temporal granularity, and behavioral insights. This project explores the potential of large-scale CVD to support data-driven t ...
  • StateofTechnology ReviewAutonomous Ground Vehicle Systems in Airport Environments
    State-of-Technology Review-Autonomous Ground Vehicle Systems in Airport Environments
    Woltmann, Sarah ;
    Rybski, Paul
    2026-08-01 | PDF
    As airports increasingly explore autonomous ground vehicle system technology (AGVS) to enhance operational efficiency and safety, the integration, validation, and regulatory compliance of those systems pose challenges. The adoption of AGVSs within airport environments-both nationally and internationally-has accelerated due to growing demands for ef ...
  • ViCARUS VisionCentric Connected Autonomy for Vulnerable Road Users Safety
    ViCARUS: Vision-Centric Connected Autonomy for Vulnerable Road Users' Safety
    Bhagavatula, Vijayakumar ;
    Shenkut, Dereje
    2026-08-01 | PDF
    The safety of vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists remains a pressing challenge on U.S. roads. Cooperative perception and prediction, in which connected vehicles and infrastructure exchange sensing information over Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, can see past the occlusions and range limits of any ...
  • Transforming Transportation Policy and Planning for Safety 574 Enhancing Transportation Policy and Planning for Safety
    Transforming Transportation Policy and Planning for Safety [574 Enhancing Transportation Policy and Planning for Safety]
    Hendrickson, Chris ;
    Harper, Corey
    2026-07-31 | PDF
    The project goal is to influence transport policy to improve safety. It is a continuation of Safety21 policy analysis. We have produced a policy brief with specific recommendations to improve safety for battery electric vehicles. As background for this policy analysis, we have published a literature review on battery electric vehicle safety. We con ...
  • Avoiding Collisions in Connected and Autonomous Driving Using Safe Deep Reinforcement Learning Exploration Through Control BarrierLyapunov Functions
    Avoiding Collisions in Connected and Autonomous Driving Using Safe Deep Reinforcement Learning Exploration Through Control Barrier/Lyapunov Functions
    Chen, Haochong ;
    Cao, Xincheng
    2026-07-31 | PDF
    This research aims to address several key challenges in road traffic safety including vulnerable road users(VRUs) by improving decision-making, vehicle control, and system evaluation of autonomous driving. The main contributions of this research are summarized as follows:(1) An HOCLF-HOCBF-QP-based low-level control strategy is proposed to simultan ...
  • Analysis of Contributing Factors in Crashes Involving Electric Vehicles and Vehicles With Warning Systems and Level 1 Automated Features A State Level Analysis Final Report
    Analysis of Contributing Factors in Crashes Involving Electric Vehicles and Vehicles With Warning Systems and Level 1 Automated Features: A State Level Analysis [Final Report]
    Harper, Corey ;
    Hendrickson, Chris
    2026-07-31 | PDF
    Automated driving features could improve road safety by reducing the number of crashes caused by human error. However, as the market penetration of Level 2 advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) increases, so does the number of crashes involving these technologies. This study proposes a data-driven framework combining latent class analysis, asso ...
  • Enhancing Pavement-Encoded Signages for Precise Driving Automation [Supporting Dataset]
    Sakulneya, Apidej ;
    Liu, Pengyuan
    2026-07-01 | JSON
    A field study was developed combining an automated driving system (ADS) vehicle and magnetometer-based sensing system to test the detectability, repeatability, and reliability of pavement encoded electromagnetic (EM) strips placed on the surface of concrete and asphalt pavement. The objective was to define the EM strips' patterns, lateral vehicle p ...
    Dataset Supporting Files
  • Enhancing PavementEncoded Signages for Precise Driving Automation
    Enhancing Pavement-Encoded Signages for Precise Driving Automation
    Sakulneya, Apidej ;
    Liu, Pengyuan
    2026-07-01 | PDF
    A field study was developed combining an automated driving system (ADS) vehicle and magnetometer-based sensing system to test the detectability, repeatability, and reliability of pavement encoded electromagnetic (EM) strips placed on the surface of concrete and asphalt pavement. The objective was to define the EM strips' patterns, lateral vehicle p ...
  • Preparing Todays Workforce for Tomorrows Autonomous Transportation Bridging Electrical and Civil Engineering Disciplines Research Brief
    Preparing Today's Workforce for Tomorrow's Autonomous Transportation: Bridging Electrical and Civil Engineering Disciplines [Research Brief]
    Abadi, Masoud Ghodrat ;
    Moghadam, Rohollah (Roham)
    2026-07-01 | PDF
    This study developed and implemented the Workforce for Autonomous Vehicle Engineering (WAVE) program at California State University, Sacramento. The program was designed to address workforce gaps in autonomous transportation by combining transportation engineering and electrical engineering into a single interdisciplinary learning experience. WAVE ...
1 - 20 / 899
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