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Evaluation of Mix Design Variables for Full Depth Reclamation (FDR) with Asphalt
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2025-01-01
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[PDF-5.74 MB]
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Edition:September 2020–August 2024
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Abstract:This study on full depth reclamation (FDR) with asphalt binders was aimed at updating FDR mix design procedures for the Texas Department of Transportation’s (TxDOT’s) 2024 Standard Specifications. The study included a literature review, a laboratory factors study, an interlaboratory study, and field evaluations. The literature review examined the use of FDR in Texas, various mix design procedures, and the impact of specimen size and test temperature on indirect tensile (IDT) strength. Findings suggested optimization opportunities in the compaction and IDT strength limits. The laboratory study involved conducting a mix design and characterizing field-collected materials to assess factors affecting the IDT strength of mix design specimens, such as specimen size, compaction level, emulsion temperature, curing time, curing temperature, testing temperature, and cement type. Statistical analyses indicated significant impacts of most of these variables. The interlaboratory study, which involved various TxDOT laboratories and one private laboratory, was conducted to establish a preliminary precision statement for the FDR mix design procedures. Field evaluations of sections from two of the projects included in the study indicated the FDR treatments positively impacted pavement performance, with back calculated base layer modulus meeting or exceeding design assumptions with only a few exceptions. Recommendations for TxDOT’s FDR procedures include using only 4-inch diameter specimens, maintaining a minimum curing time of 72 hours at 104°F, continuing use of 104°F for curing temperature, and tightening the IDT test temperature range to 72° ± 2°F. These changes aim to ensure consistent and high-quality FDR practices across Texas, extending the service life of rehabilitated pavements.
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