United States Department of Transportation
i
LRV Bumper Safety Technology Deployment
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2023-06-01
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[PDF-24.04 MB]
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Edition:January 2015–March 2023
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Abstract:This report summarizes findings from a project to design, build, and test a prototype LRV end enclosure, or bumper, as a retrofit to an existing LRV operated in the U.S. to reduce (1) potential for injury to automobile occupants, (2) damage to the LRV, and (3) costs to operators from crashes. The retrofit bumper design process consisted of geometric and mechanical design, design of hydraulics, envelope analysis, and nonlinear dynamic finite element crash analyses. Side and oblique impact simulations were performed for LRV impact speeds of 20 mph against a high and heavy SUV (2003 Ford Explorer) and low and light sedan (2010 Toyota Yaris). Injuries due to collisions were evaluated using a model of the ES-2re Side Impact Dummy (SID). Adding the bumper to the collision interface significantly reduced the potential for serious injuries in all the collision scenarios evaluated. Crash tests with automobiles resulted in minimal damage to the LRV enclosure, with no permanent deformation to the structure. A breakaway test to represent an LRV-LRV collision, was successful in allowing the front enclosure to push back beneath the anti-climber as designed. Additionally, findings from two case studies provide a lower bound estimate of the cost of automobile and pedestrian collisions and suggest that even a modest reduction in damage costs, loss of life, and injuries warrants the cost of retrofit.
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