Energy Release by Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries in Thermal Runaway

Details

• Creators:
  Lyon, Richard E. ; Walters, Richard N.
• Corporate Creators:
  United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Aviation Administration. William J. Hughes Technical Center
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  Calorimeters Energy Fire Heat Lithium Batteries Thermal Runaway
• Publication/ Report Number:
  DOT/FAA/TC-TN16/22
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  United States
• Corporate Publisher:
  United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Aviation Administration. William J. Hughes Technical Center
• Abstract:
  The energy released by failure of rechargeable 18-mm diameter by 65-mm long cylindrical (18650) lithium-ion cells/batteries was measured in a bomb calorimeter for four different commercial cathode chemistries over the full range of charge using a method developed for this purpose. Thermal runaway was induced by electrical resistance (Joule) heating of the cell in the nitrogen-filled pressure vessel (bomb) to preclude combustion. The total energy released by cell failure, ∆Hf, was assumed to be comprised of the stored electrical energy E (cell potential x charge) and the energies of mixing, chemical reaction, and thermal decomposition of the cell components, ∆Urxn. The contribution of E and ∆Urxn to ∆Hf was determined, and the mass of volatile, combustible thermal decomposition products was measured in an effort to characterize the fire safety hazard of rechargeable lithium-ion cells.
• Format:
  PDF
• Collection(s):
  FAA Fire Safety FAA William J. Hughes Technical Center for Advanced Aerospace
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3780c7dbf87265daed3925b00f6535f33a4f4751b2e09e00c15946010ddacde392cc40bc862e3c1d0667803540f91744767a8f9476bd27cb9705f7e7415a9dc0
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/57858/dot_57858_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 652.12 KB ]