U.S. flag An official website of the United States government.
Official websites use .gov

A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS

A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

US Transportation Collection

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

The US Transportation Collection consists of documents from across all transportation modes with specific focus on research reports from US DOT, state DOTs, and other transportation organizations. Bookmark this collection: https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/collection_ust or https://doi.org/10.21949/1530857.

(466)
(754)
(798)
(737)
(950)
(1093)
(1094)
(1107)
(1370)
(1600)
(1324)
(1364)
(1344)
(1452)
(1365)
(1306)
(1396)
(999)
(688)
(645)
(607)
(557)
(664)
(701)
(876)
(845)
(744)
(812)
(919)
(689)
(580)
(390)
(271)
(270)
(228)
(183)
(172)
(173)
(146)
(199)
(198)
(197)
(192)
(220)
(203)
(171)
(230)
(212)
(155)
(164)
(185)
(146)
(116)
(150)
(171)
(105)
(88)
(78)
(81)
(96)
(59)
(65)
(84)
(33)
(13)
(5)
(10)
(3)
(7)
(6)
(6)
(3)
(6)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(7)
(6)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(21)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 109
(29)
(26)
(27)
(36)
(34)
(13)
(11)
(19)
(46)
(13)
(15)
(22)
(99)
(11)
(38)
(16)
(17)
(16)
(11)
(13)
(20)
(12)
(17)
(31)
(11)
(12)
(20)
(21)
(48)
(11)
(23)
(20)
(12)
(38)
(12)
(11)
(11)
(14)
(33)
(18)
(31)
(11)
(27)
(25)
(14)
(18)
(13)
(29)
(11)
(15)
(14)
(13)
(24)
(33)
(15)
(14)
(16)
(14)
(17)
(14)
(12)
(11)
(12)
(34)
(16)
(20)
(18)
(17)
(24)
(23)
(26)
(13)
(17)
(27)
(36)
(29)
(49)
(76)
(16)
(21)
(12)
(11)
(94)
(12)
(15)
(13)
(14)
(12)
(17)
(11)
(17)
(11)
(16)
(12)
(15)
(17)
(12)
(12)
(15)
(19)
(15)
(11)
(39)
(25)
(11)
(16)
(11)
(26)
(49)
(21)
(12)
(23)
(14)
(63)
(42)
(25)
(12)
(20)
(34)
(21)
(13)
(21)
(40)
(14)
(12)
(12)
(11)
(20)
(11)
(23)
(11)
(14)
(13)
(15)
(12)
(24)
(20)
(57)
(11)
(31)
(11)
(18)
(13)
(19)
(15)
(15)
(13)
(22)
(11)
(11)
(25)
(13)
(19)
(11)
(12)
(11)
(14)
(15)
(15)
(18)
(15)
(23)
(12)
(30)
(29)
(20)
(19)
(16)
(55)
(11)
(19)
(18)
(30)
(16)
(11)
(78)
(21)
(14)
(18)
(24)
(36)
(22)
(12)
(13)
(38)
(15)
(14)
(13)
(16)
(13)
(18)
(14)
(18)
(19)
(14)
(20)
(13)
(13)
(11)
(12)
(22)
(22)
(37)
(13)
(11)
(16)
(12)
(16)
(11)
(11)
(18)
(30)
(12)
(18)
(11)
(22)
(14)
(22)
(15)
(16)
(15)
(34)
(25)
(14)
(19)
(14)
(14)
(11)
(20)
(15)
(23)
(61)
(12)
(40)
(12)
(13)
(28)
(11)
(13)
(27)
(39)
(22)
(16)
(16)
(18)
(14)
(39)
(14)
(13)
(18)
(15)
(14)
(13)
(30)
(11)
(19)
(35)
(37)
(56)
(15)
(14)
(107)
(26)
(12)
(11)
(19)
(15)
(15)
(30)
(25)
(25)
(19)
(11)
(12)
(18)
(11)
(21)
(15)
(36)
(11)
(18)
(14)
(67)
(32)
(16)
(15)
(22)
(16)
(11)
(31)
(13)
(14)
(12)
(13)
(25)
(11)
(20)
(11)
(19)
(12)
(11)
(11)
(11)
(19)
(27)
(15)
(46)
(15)
(24)
(13)
(15)
(11)
(11)
(25)
(13)
(38)
(22)
(13)
(23)
(26)
(31)
(18)
(13)
(14)
(28)
(15)
(22)
(22)
(18)
(12)
(15)
(13)
(14)
(23)
(15)
(14)
(23)
(15)
(24)
(20)
(13)
(13)
(11)
(67)
(11)
(21)
(11)
(15)
(31)
(11)
(11)
(11)
(15)
(19)
(28)
(14)
(13)
(18)
(11)
(17)
(27)
(39)
(16)
(15)
(12)
(14)
(16)
(32)
(19)
(28)
(19)
(14)
(52)
(12)
(20)
(13)
(16)
(11)
(36)
(14)
(40)
(15)
(14)
(38)
(16)
(12)
(17)
(16)
(35)
(26)
(26)
(18)
(21)
(26)
(33)
(21)
(21)
(22)
(21)
(40)
(15)
(53)
(16)
(27)
(12)
(14)
(21)
(37)
(23)
(14)
(33)
(15)
(45)
(23)
(14)
(17)
(12)
(41)
(14)
(12)
(15)
(13)
(20)
(24)
(30)
(18)
(20)
(18)
(13)
(24)
(21)
(14)
(26)
(22)
(23)
(14)
(14)
(23)
(15)
(12)
(17)
(24)
(12)
(12)
(25)
(28)
(12)
(36)
(21)
(13)
(40)
(31)
(12)
(13)
(12)
(15)
(14)
(22)
(31)
(30)
(20)
(21)
(14)
(22)
(35)
(15)
(13)
(31)
(12)
(60)
(13)
(13)
(12)
(40)
(25)
(36)
(21)
(12)
(13)
(18)
(18)
(15)
(18)
(17)
(13)
(14)
(14)
(28)
(61)
(21)
(17)
(12)
(12)
(13)
(12)
(23)
(13)
(14)
(12)
(14)
(14)
(17)
(25)
(15)
(18)
(12)
(16)
(14)
(14)
(23)
(12)
(14)
(55)
(20)
(12)
(12)
(18)
(21)
(15)
(15)
(13)
(31)
(16)
(34)
(14)
(33)
(20)
(17)
(14)
(16)
(28)
(14)
(12)
(12)
(13)
(18)
(64)
(16)
(52)
(21)
(23)
(12)
(13)
(17)
(30)
(17)
(19)
(20)
(16)
(27)
(17)
(12)
(46)
(17)
(28)
(14)
(21)
(12)
(12)
(17)
(13)
(15)
(66)
(36)
(18)
(39)
(56)
(16)
(22)
(15)
(25)
(12)
(17)
(22)
(17)
(18)
(39)
(23)
(14)
(29)
(19)
(14)
(17)
(19)
(21)
(20)
(15)
(27)
(18)
(56)
(28)
(37)
(12)
(30)
(16)
(21)
(13)
(19)
(34)
(14)
(12)
(15)
(12)
(19)
(17)
(23)
(16)
(17)
(50)
(23)
(20)
(26)
(14)
(12)
(14)
(30)
(16)
(20)
(13)
(15)
(19)
(15)
(28)
(14)
(20)
(14)
(33)
(12)
(15)
(14)
(22)
(27)
(18)
(12)
(15)
(12)
(16)
(12)
(15)
(76)
(17)
(16)
(13)
(19)
(14)
(27)
(17)
(20)
(26)
(18)
(12)
(14)
(23)
(20)
(33)
(18)
(13)
(12)
(18)
(20)
(16)
(53)
(33)
(15)
(16)
(75)
(44)
(20)
(12)
(12)
(33)
(12)
(54)
(23)
(14)
(22)
(14)
(40)
(13)
(13)
(12)
(20)
(23)
(16)
(43)
(56)
(12)
(61)
(12)
(19)
(13)
(16)
(13)
(47)
(17)
(26)
(13)
(15)
(18)
(16)
(12)
(13)
(20)
(13)
(28)
(24)
(14)
(12)
(16)
(13)
(18)
(38)
(16)
(12)
(24)
(23)
(19)
(25)
(22)
(12)
(12)
(12)
(13)
(23)
(22)
(16)
(74)
(40)
(13)
(13)
(18)
(19)
(13)
(18)
(26)
(14)
(22)
(14)
(12)
(17)
(14)
(18)
(31)
(14)
(42)
(13)
(12)
(22)
(19)
(15)
(19)
(68)
(31)
(15)
(26)
(28)
(17)
(12)
(23)
(16)
(18)
(22)
(19)
(37)
(50)
(47)
(13)
(18)
(13)
(19)
(12)
(17)
(14)
(13)
(14)
(49)
(29)
(14)
(37)
(12)
(153)
(14)
(18)
(68)
(27)
(14)
(15)
(14)
(26)
(13)
(13)
(17)
(12)
(17)
(23)
(12)
(19)
(29)
(12)
(22)
(45)
(14)
(74)
(15)
(16)
(12)
(24)
(13)
(16)
(30)
(22)
(12)
(17)
(12)
(27)
(15)
(30)
(14)
(30)
(15)
(20)
(12)
(12)
(51)
(16)
(17)
(13)
(25)
(13)
(20)
(12)
(13)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(49)
(38)
(22)
(17)
(27)
(16)
(13)
(18)
(20)
(57)
(14)
(12)
(31)
(14)
(22)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(13)
(12)
(18)
(18)
(33)
(22)
(38)
(18)
(19)
(13)
(15)
(33)
(23)
(27)
(22)
(22)
(12)
(19)
(19)
(22)
(24)
(18)
(20)
(13)
(31)
(13)
(17)
(23)
(20)
(37)
(16)
(29)
(20)
(26)
(12)
(66)
(18)
(26)
(63)
(29)
(12)
(16)
(16)
(18)
(12)
(14)
(12)
(27)
(15)
(23)
(19)
(13)
(17)
(17)
(12)
(63)
(31)
(18)
(38)
(13)
(15)
(24)
(13)
(28)
(13)
(33)
(21)
(26)
(12)
(15)
(23)
(15)
(16)
(16)
(16)
(20)
(13)
(15)
(18)
(24)
(13)
(25)
(12)
(24)
(14)
(28)
(28)
(14)
(17)
(35)
(33)
(35)
(13)
(13)
(12)
(12)
(24)
(16)
(14)
(19)
(13)
(14)
(27)
(17)
(18)
(47)
(27)
(18)
(15)
(20)
(13)
(18)
(16)
(16)
(12)
(12)
(30)
(12)
(20)
(13)
(25)
(39)
(17)
(20)
(13)
(13)
(13)
(13)
(27)
(15)
(17)
(13)
(18)
(45)
(12)
(35)
(70)
(17)
(15)
(18)
(17)
(22)
(16)
(15)
(19)
(26)
(23)
0 of 1000
(1)
(2)
(74)
(8)
(242)
(1592)
(8)
(204)
(30)
(10)
(24)
(9)
(1)
(6)
(158)
(2)
(16)
(475)
(56)
(18)
(33)
(2)
(4)
(199)
(326)
(1)
(159)
(224)
(25)
(261)
(2632)
(300)
(28222)
(1)
(63)
(44)
(8)
0 of 37
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(14)
(8)
(9)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(10)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(8)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(16)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(7)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(31)
(3)
(2)
(22)
(2)
(12)
(12)
(9)
(16)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(6)
(11)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(22)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(22)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(16)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(10)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(7)
(5)
(5)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(9)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(9)
(5)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(7)
(4)
(3)
(7)
(10)
(3)
(9)
(5)
(12)
(5)
(6)
(3)
(20)
(7)
(46)
(16)
(27)
(40)
(46)
(7)
(65)
(15)
(4)
(17)
(46)
(5)
(4)
(9)
(8)
(39)
(13)
(7)
(15)
(54)
(6)
(25)
(14)
(31)
(6)
(11)
(23)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(7)
(11)
(5)
(7)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(111)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(5)
(5)
(6)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(9)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(9)
(3)
(11)
(5)
(3)
(6)
(7)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(11)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(7)
(3)
(7)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(23)
(6)
(3)
(3)
(7)
(16)
(12)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(7)
(4)
(6)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(12)
(9)
(8)
(3)
(8)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(45)
(13)
(30)
(5)
(5)
(21)
(3)
(27)
(5)
(5)
(3)
(24)
(160)
(12)
(58)
(45)
(74)
(17)
(3)
(48)
(3)
(49)
(30)
(7)
(32)
(37)
(7)
(29)
(5)
(3)
(5)
(28)
(6)
(24)
(17)
(70)
(6)
(60)
(5)
(16)
(7)
(77)
(7)
(33)
(14)
(26)
(12)
(39)
(3)
(44)
(21)
(29)
(14)
(41)
(7)
(13)
(15)
(4)
(9)
(24)
(12)
(9)
(9)
(4)
(23)
(39)
(3)
(26)
(5)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(13)
(11)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(4)
(8)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(8)
(5)
(4)
(6)
(9)
(8)
(9)
(8)
(6)
(6)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(25)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(8)
(10)
(3)
(6)
(9)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(8)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(9)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(21)
(3)
(4)
(7)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(3)
(8)
(3)
(4)
(19)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(11)
(3)
(7)
(20)
(7)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(6)
(6)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(6)
(4)
(5)
(4)
(6)
(6)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(12)
(9)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(12)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(39)
0 of 1000
(1)
(2)
(68)
(1)
(1)
(70)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(22)
(3)
(6)
(1)
(15)
(12)
(13)
(14)
0 of 21
(6)
(10)
(17)
(9)
(14)
(18)
(11)
(12)
(7)
(35)
(6)
(11)
(8)
(14)
(22)
(6)
(84)
(12)
(7)
(12)
(9)
(19)
(10)
(6)
(31)
(13)
(62)
(17)
(22)
(34)
(9)
(6)
(7)
(13)
(35)
(7)
(7)
(20)
(7)
(10)
(8)
(10)
(7)
(6)
(7)
(7)
(69)
(43)
(15)
(9)
(41)
(69)
(9)
(10)
(43)
(16)
(8)
(23)
(11)
(54)
(34)
(13)
(56)
(6)
(6)
(7)
(27)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(10)
(8)
(13)
(6)
(99)
(30)
(9)
(7)
(18)
(15)
(14)
(20)
(9)
(6)
(12)
(10)
(9)
(6)
(34)
(10)
(8)
(6)
(11)
(488)
(62)
(23)
(102)
(22)
(19)
(14)
(6)
(8)
(9)
(23)
(7)
(25)
(29)
(6)
(18)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(7)
(48)
(10)
(13)
(10)
(19)
(42)
(7)
(14)
(7)
(10)
(161)
(7)
(6)
(7)
(14)
(6)
(10)
(11)
(6)
(17)
(9)
(6)
(10)
(29)
(21)
(13)
(10)
(10)
(12)
(7)
(9)
(6)
(39)
(24)
(16)
(27)
(24)
(6)
(22)
(11)
(28)
(9)
(8)
(96)
(39)
(11)
(49)
(6)
(36)
(6)
(9)
(8)
(12)
(9)
(13)
(43)
(6)
(7)
(6)
(116)
(10)
(106)
(12)
(8)
(49)
(9)
(14)
(7)
(6)
(10)
(6)
(13)
(11)
(6)
(12)
(15)
(6)
(22)
(15)
(21)
(6)
(8)
(17)
(57)
(6)
(24)
(239)
(10)
(10)
(8)
(10)
(18)
(6)
(10)
(14)
(8)
(12)
(102)
(6)
(14)
(21)
(10)
(6)
(21)
(12)
(6)
(54)
(90)
(152)
(12)
(23)
(9)
(9)
(234)
(13)
(63)
(14)
(7)
(7)
(12)
(9)
(9)
(106)
(6)
(9)
(41)
(8)
(6)
(56)
(36)
(19)
(7)
(39)
(8)
(24)
(21)
(13)
(114)
(12)
(20)
(9)
(10)
(25)
(7)
(22)
(22)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(7)
(13)
(7)
(18)
(138)
(32)
(68)
(86)
(6)
(45)
(6)
(15)
(18)
(751)
(43)
(13)
(118)
(18)
(12)
(9)
(80)
(7)
(9)
(84)
(7)
(6)
(6)
(15)
(7)
(8)
(20)
(19)
(16)
(7)
(48)
(18)
(6)
(34)
(17)
(14)
(10)
(11)
(51)
(7)
(6)
(11)
(9)
(6)
(125)
(16)
(13)
(14)
(9)
(43)
(197)
(19)
(24)
(8)
(8)
(10)
(14)
(6)
(23)
(10)
(15)
(20)
(24)
(8)
(14)
(7)
(40)
(12)
(16)
(10)
(6)
(6)
(10)
(9)
(65)
(51)
(171)
(31)
(16)
(12)
(10)
(18)
(9)
(35)
(24)
(28)
(7)
(7)
(8)
(25)
(18)
(12)
(10)
(57)
(71)
(13)
(43)
(46)
(8)
(6)
(9)
(18)
(98)
(27)
(106)
(57)
(61)
(8)
(58)
(31)
(8)
(6)
(11)
(61)
(14)
(8)
(11)
(30)
(10)
(35)
(6)
(17)
(6)
(26)
(62)
(9)
(25)
(43)
(20)
(10)
(9)
(6)
(9)
(28)
(12)
(12)
(15)
(19)
(7)
(6)
(23)
(7)
(10)
(7)
(6)
(68)
(15)
(18)
(30)
(25)
(13)
(7)
(29)
(10)
(55)
(9)
(39)
(6)
(8)
(255)
(15)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(10)
(6)
(35)
(17)
(33)
(7)
(24)
(7)
(45)
(11)
(21)
(9)
(6)
(22)
(11)
(41)
(80)
(15)
(14)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(22)
(8)
(61)
(6)
(18)
(33)
(47)
(12)
(49)
(35)
(23)
(11)
(55)
(64)
(184)
(8)
(7)
(13)
(20)
(23)
(70)
(16)
(30)
(18)
(84)
(15)
(15)
(30)
(12)
(9)
(49)
(47)
(17)
(12)
(8)
(6)
(9)
(6)
(9)
(31)
(7)
(14)
(18)
(7)
(7)
(13)
(25)
(8)
(68)
(28)
(50)
(9)
(18)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(44)
(7)
(439)
(8)
(31)
(7)
(6)
(8)
(20)
(7)
(30)
(25)
(16)
(6)
(8)
(7)
(38)
(12)
(102)
(15)
(24)
(37)
(29)
(57)
(18)
(8)
(20)
(10)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(13)
(27)
(8)
(11)
(28)
(19)
(30)
(63)
(25)
(30)
(46)
(40)
(8)
(8)
(10)
(7)
(11)
(8)
(11)
(16)
(9)
(9)
(48)
(30)
(802)
(20)
(9)
(30)
(29)
(67)
(8)
(10)
(22)
(7)
(11)
(18)
(58)
(17)
(7)
(15)
(11)
(66)
(18)
(25)
(547)
(7)
(1404)
(65)
(23)
(8)
(9)
(50)
(7)
(10)
(52)
(9)
(17)
(49)
(7)
(9)
(54)
(9)
(7)
(10)
(9)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(9)
(111)
(122)
(11)
(30)
(18)
(9)
(9)
(19)
(7)
(20)
(8)
(229)
(7)
(139)
(19)
(14)
(26)
(15)
(23)
(7)
(7)
(17)
(17)
(26)
(7)
(34)
(19)
(63)
(287)
(74)
(71)
(35)
(37)
(11)
(8)
(14)
(13)
(49)
(18)
(16)
(114)
(13)
(27)
(9)
(29)
(1021)
(32)
(7)
(37)
(8)
(7)
(30)
(27)
(32)
(8)
(96)
(25)
(8)
(24)
(229)
(24)
(24)
(96)
(31)
(60)
(37)
(34)
(11)
(127)
(20)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(35)
(38)
(17)
(10)
(7)
(12)
(29)
(9)
(27)
(8)
(13)
(11)
(7)
(18)
(19)
(15)
(18)
(14)
(12)
(22)
(10)
(18)
(18)
(7)
(7)
(42)
(14)
(26)
(17)
(24)
(29)
(119)
(17)
(8)
(49)
(7)
(24)
(7)
(23)
(16)
(40)
(29)
(25)
(10)
(21)
(18)
(12)
(48)
(23)
(23)
(26)
(7)
(7)
(27)
(22)
(11)
(10)
(11)
(13)
(9)
(8)
(121)
(13)
(10)
(10)
(171)
(11)
(13)
(20)
(22)
(7)
(11)
(31)
(19)
(9)
(11)
(53)
(9)
(7)
(30)
(33)
(160)
(45)
(12)
(7)
(31)
(7)
(9)
(10)
(26)
(80)
(8)
(10)
(136)
(9)
(24)
(35)
(452)
(15)
(18)
(29)
(70)
(49)
(13)
(82)
(23)
(31)
(20)
(13)
(27)
(8)
(18)
(149)
(24)
(7)
(26)
(8)
(8)
(7)
(20)
(12)
(21)
(8)
(45)
(47)
(19)
(27)
(9)
(7)
(15)
(29)
(69)
(11)
(10)
(12)
(14)
(14)
(80)
(17)
(12)
(71)
(20)
(9)
(7)
(9)
(7)
(7)
(10)
(13)
(14)
(9)
(33)
(11)
(7)
(8)
(14)
(14)
(12)
(20)
(9)
(15)
(8)
(23)
(21)
(14)
(10)
(15)
(25)
(24)
(7)
(11)
(10)
(17)
(10)
(7)
(34)
(45)
(14)
(29)
(9)
(27)
(9)
(15)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(16)
(23)
(15)
(18)
(7)
(11)
(83)
(197)
(62)
(21)
(34)
(38)
(24)
(16)
(9)
(11)
(62)
(20)
(14)
(14)
(105)
(787)
(23)
(38)
(16)
(22)
(19)
(13)
(54)
(12)
(17)
(16)
(26)
(19)
(9)
(17)
(14)
(79)
(16)
(8)
(111)
(37)
(11)
(32)
(11)
(46)
(22)
(11)
(8)
(34)
(11)
(36)
(14)
(9)
(9)
(7)
(17)
(27)
(63)
(14)
(43)
(7)
(48)
(26)
(217)
(9)
(14)
(7)
(13)
(25)
(43)
(10)
(8)
(9)
(7)
(10)
(20)
(8)
(8)
(23)
(12)
(48)
(50)
(33)
(530)
(24)
(50)
(62)
(585)
(184)
(30)
(14)
(9)
(16)
(107)
(82)
(932)
(36)
(35)
(91)
(7)
(21)
(33)
(15)
(8)
(17)
(12)
(7)
(13)
(39)
(16)
(8)
(160)
(9)
(12)
(7)
(10)
(52)
(15)
(12)
(24)
(27)
(8)
(15)
(10)
(8)
(11)
(11)
(22)
(13)
0 of 1000
(5)
(13)
(18)
(8)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(7)
(39)
(17)
(67)
(19)
(26)
(74)
(19)
(9)
(7)
(39)
(12)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(8)
(13)
(2)
(28)
(8)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(17)
(137)
(14)
(116)
(10)
(13)
(11)
(12)
(5)
(6)
(3)
(10)
(5)
(3)
(6)
(6)
(3)
(2)
(59)
(14)
(2)
(3)
(10)
(13)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(266)
(23)
(2)
(31)
(14)
(2)
(139)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(8)
(17)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(2)
(11)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(12)
(17)
(2)
(17)
(2)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(37)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(3)
(28)
(2)
(4)
(29)
(14)
(790)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(12)
(12)
(6)
(35)
(29)
(3)
(77)
(19)
(16)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(47)
(20)
(28)
(66)
(4)
(4)
(5)
(13)
(2)
(2)
(31)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(7)
(14)
(4)
(6)
(2)
(10)
(22)
(3)
(15)
(2)
(3)
(10)
(33)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(4)
(3)
(9)
(25)
(8)
(2)
(15)
(166)
(6)
(3)
(106)
(317)
(2)
(94)
(4)
(388)
(2)
(2)
(17)
(10)
(11)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(14)
(17)
(2)
(3)
(28)
(116)
(62)
(38)
(52)
(7)
(33)
(2)
(14)
(10)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(13)
(6)
(7)
(5)
(12)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(6)
(5)
(32)
(14)
(3)
(60)
(63)
(18)
(10)
(46)
(19)
(24)
(248)
(8)
(46)
(10)
(34)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(14)
(13)
(265)
(32)
(5)
(17)
(3)
(39)
(43)
(4)
(4)
(6)
(52)
(8)
(35)
(3)
(74)
(242)
(6)
(30)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(39)
(4)
(8)
(37)
(5)
(268)
(103)
(81)
(46)
(24)
(3)
(18)
(4)
(13)
(7)
(8)
(14)
(3)
(4)
(8)
(7)
(3)
(4)
(18)
(138)
(57)
(14)
(60)
(18)
(6)
(3)
(23)
(4)
(4)
(31)
(7)
(834)
(48)
(16)
(6)
(151)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(14)
(26)
(6)
(94)
(66)
(26)
(9)
(25)
(13)
(6)
(63)
(5)
(3)
(7)
(6)
(87)
(5)
(65)
(46)
(24)
(25)
(40)
(13)
(51)
(20)
(9)
(26)
(24)
(7)
(4)
(11)
(4)
(119)
(24)
(75)
(4)
(11)
(55)
(39)
(3)
(52)
(21)
(38)
(229)
(232)
(35)
(21)
(162)
(10)
(56)
(3)
(3)
(32)
(94)
(31)
(87)
(4)
(14)
(5)
(55)
(155)
(112)
(26)
(18)
(19)
(45)
(7)
(15)
(10)
(42)
(140)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(43)
(60)
(9)
(4)
(22)
(7)
(3)
(152)
(12)
(7)
(5)
(15)
(5)
(9)
(102)
(98)
(7)
(8)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(59)
(100)
(32)
(3)
(78)
(15)
(109)
(102)
(19)
(4)
(12)
(8)
(4)
(26)
(22)
(4)
(9)
(75)
(5)
(70)
(7)
(15)
(8)
(3)
(13)
(30)
(28)
(51)
(4)
(19)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(90)
(86)
(3)
(52)
(95)
(15)
(59)
(3)
(160)
(3)
(25)
(26)
(19)
(86)
(101)
(26)
(9)
(3)
(35)
(13)
(12)
(22)
(5)
(14)
(6)
(6)
(78)
(5)
(7)
(11)
(59)
(13)
(91)
(7)
(17)
(23)
(59)
(61)
(15)
(9)
(45)
(7)
(8)
(10)
(8)
(9)
(9)
(12)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(22)
(12)
(3)
(4)
(38)
(3)
(56)
(90)
(17)
(191)
(20)
(87)
(66)
(8)
(3)
(46)
(13)
(7)
(10)
(4)
(3)
(11)
(7)
(10)
(69)
(7)
(10)
(8)
(28)
(7)
(7)
(4)
(6)
(63)
(3)
(3)
(11)
(10)
(64)
(3)
(203)
(23)
(39)
(199)
(250)
(35)
(4)
(17)
(4)
(19)
(3)
(21)
(24)
(9)
(4)
(65)
(37)
(4)
(28)
(78)
(16)
(21)
(4)
(4)
(10)
(8)
(22)
(3)
(73)
(52)
(3)
(7)
(15)
(4)
(7)
(6)
(4)
(14)
(43)
(432)
(6)
(6)
(5)
(6)
(4)
(13)
(5)
(9)
(14)
(7)
(4)
(12)
(5)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(7)
(107)
(5)
(88)
(40)
(19)
(18)
(13)
(3)
(32)
(14)
(19)
(4)
(30)
(17)
(109)
(104)
(7)
(10)
(18)
(4)
(77)
(18)
(200)
(4)
(5)
(4)
(35)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(10)
(3)
(21)
(3)
(129)
(12)
(5)
(282)
(69)
(91)
(9)
(4)
(571)
(12)
(6)
(192)
(5)
(11)
(16)
(12)
(4)
(66)
(22)
(5)
(436)
(1390)
(38)
(3)
(4)
(31)
(10)
(5)
(53)
(9)
(4)
(3)
(17)
(50)
(3)
(10)
(3)
(6)
(128)
(3)
(11)
(4)
(3)
(8)
(4)
(3)
(11)
(3)
(11)
(21)
(17)
(7)
(3)
(21)
(100)
(149)
(9)
(25)
(10)
(36)
(3)
(5)
(20)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(353)
(9)
(346)
(17)
(6)
(3)
(149)
(8)
(24)
(19)
(22)
(5)
(37)
(20)
(9)
(69)
(28)
(5)
(60)
(132)
(3)
(40)
(580)
(12)
(10)
(4)
(52)
(5)
(18)
(3)
(54)
(13)
(36)
(4)
(3)
(18)
(3)
(10)
(34)
(11)
(3)
(5)
(20)
(6)
(9)
(15)
(5)
(6)
(19)
(94)
(29)
(3)
(5)
(18)
(3)
(102)
(3)
(13)
(14)
(26)
(7)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(905)
(4)
(33)
(3)
(6)
(4)
(3)
(8)
(38)
(10)
(43)
(41)
(8)
(3)
(9)
(3)
(11)
(55)
(26)
(109)
(63)
(19)
(5)
(3)
(96)
(3)
(178)
(8)
(4)
(31)
(145)
(39)
(22)
(88)
(50)
(11)
(9)
(7)
(91)
(5)
(7)
(5)
(3)
(6)
(38)
(73)
(7)
(11)
(4)
(19)
(3)
(5)
(15)
(7)
(6)
(5)
(32)
(15)
(8)
(7)
(12)
(5)
(6)
(8)
(16)
(5)
(7)
(17)
(36)
(3)
(6)
(35)
(5)
(5)
(61)
(3)
(13)
(12)
(4)
(27)
(3)
(5)
(8)
(6)
(4)
(3)
(4)
(7)
(33)
(42)
(5)
(8)
(5)
(13)
(8)
(3)
(9)
(17)
(8)
(11)
(3)
(6)
(13)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(455)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(11)
(3)
(9)
(13)
(8)
(105)
(5)
(10)
(43)
(11)
(12)
(4)
(42)
(3)
(11)
(9)
(4)
(12)
(3)
(4)
(14)
(4)
(6)
(15)
(9)
(30)
(3)
(10)
(3)
(3)
(8)
(4)
(14)
(14)
(41)
(5)
(12)
(3)
(92)
(4)
(11)
(5)
(3)
(27)
(5)
(4)
(94)
(561)
(28)
(38)
(9)
(10)
(34)
(5)
(9)
(9)
(4)
(9)
(10)
(5)
(99)
(7)
(8)
(3)
(5)
(5)
(4)
(3)
(5)
(135)
(6)
(140)
(111)
(276)
(17)
(25)
(3)
(39)
(13)
(51)
(34)
(128)
(48)
(6)
(9)
(19)
(17)
(43)
(15)
(3)
(11)
(48)
(60)
(3)
(13)
(188)
(1725)
(96)
(21)
(29)
(80)
(3)
(21)
(9)
(3)
(17)
(6)
(7)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(6)
(5)
(36)
(41)
(3)
(16)
(4)
(74)
(88)
(71)
(7)
(16)
(4)
(44)
(59)
(21)
(4)
(100)
(25)
(3)
(10)
0 of 1000
(127)
(63)
(67)
(77)
(95)
(201)
(63)
(168)
(69)
(67)
(169)
(66)
(73)
(124)
(249)
(124)
(163)
(242)
(143)
(161)
(132)
(66)
(405)
(86)
(105)
(78)
(92)
(119)
(103)
(212)
(345)
(65)
(153)
(63)
(214)
(224)
(157)
(201)
(226)
(111)
(230)
(176)
(291)
(63)
(345)
(86)
(179)
(472)
(73)
(300)
(74)
(305)
(190)
(82)
(196)
(70)
(72)
(306)
(248)
(432)
(590)
(61)
(253)
(69)
(215)
(166)
(203)
(189)
(257)
(279)
(105)
(301)
(70)
(207)
(280)
(184)
(143)
(219)
(323)
(612)
(136)
(58)
(690)
(88)
(320)
(63)
(65)
(128)
(73)
(90)
(136)
(73)
(195)
(131)
(76)
(57)
(130)
(63)
(133)
(72)
(339)
(822)
(444)
(74)
(130)
(172)
(71)
(165)
(110)
(1084)
(293)
(103)
(99)
(124)
(76)
(119)
(107)
(171)
(64)
(65)
(174)
(70)
(66)
(324)
(195)
(85)
(74)
(60)
(689)
(67)
(138)
(177)
(70)
(103)
(111)
(85)
(115)
(167)
(70)
(105)
(84)
(59)
(254)
(100)
(63)
(146)
(212)
(199)
(78)
(61)
(102)
(97)
(86)
(111)
(156)
(69)
(167)
(96)
(239)
(193)
(84)
(201)
(549)
(83)
(417)
(63)
(134)
(125)
(591)
(92)
(63)
(211)
(87)
(58)
(91)
(80)
(347)
(503)
(115)
(92)
(245)
(68)
(152)
(90)
(60)
(74)
(72)
(169)
(155)
(134)
(79)
(58)
(354)
(87)
(69)
(454)
(111)
(739)
(298)
(203)
(81)
(620)
(88)
(192)
(96)
(118)
(750)
(301)
(288)
(68)
(89)
(63)
(301)
(92)
(96)
(203)
(92)
(86)
(114)
(62)
(217)
(62)
(96)
(159)
(64)
(559)
(181)
(394)
(1589)
(65)
(181)
(75)
(72)
(64)
(109)
(96)
(440)
(239)
(169)
(149)
(95)
(169)
(68)
(63)
(72)
(174)
(98)
(106)
(146)
(60)
(849)
(91)
(104)
(75)
(77)
(91)
(237)
(135)
(99)
(93)
(60)
(113)
(112)
(118)
(245)
(67)
(85)
(80)
(379)
(67)
(66)
(165)
(101)
(65)
(122)
(491)
(87)
(82)
(71)
(154)
(67)
(60)
(201)
(61)
(128)
(75)
(67)
(334)
(204)
(198)
(278)
(81)
(72)
(74)
(65)
(257)
(195)
(61)
(118)
(61)
(68)
(169)
(206)
(141)
(70)
(112)
(332)
(87)
(687)
(85)
(103)
(74)
(82)
(180)
(105)
(146)
(59)
(94)
(147)
(1365)
(771)
(218)
(72)
(221)
(60)
(69)
(95)
(118)
(163)
(157)
(1063)
(83)
(198)
(112)
(129)
(68)
(79)
(334)
(79)
(75)
(163)
(63)
(81)
(60)
(148)
(179)
(339)
(953)
(373)
(88)
(442)
(543)
(107)
(72)
(389)
(126)
(68)
(148)
(252)
(64)
(411)
(77)
(103)
(71)
(65)
(82)
(400)
(156)
(74)
(99)
(255)
(494)
(104)
(128)
(98)
(94)
(189)
(94)
(64)
(115)
(503)
(73)
(92)
(123)
(204)
(197)
(86)
(163)
(324)
(67)
(389)
(237)
(93)
(110)
(162)
(169)
(69)
(201)
(648)
(64)
(114)
(167)
(136)
(67)
(81)
(96)
(105)
(82)
(59)
(64)
(137)
(120)
(90)
(104)
(255)
(207)
(143)
(84)
(359)
(350)
(181)
(268)
(2478)
(1403)
(183)
(70)
(114)
(256)
(482)
(192)
(325)
(93)
(310)
(89)
(67)
(78)
(78)
(61)
(65)
(126)
(66)
(79)
(67)
(143)
(62)
(207)
(145)
(64)
(89)
(80)
(194)
(108)
(144)
(62)
(611)
(201)
(88)
(188)
(105)
(132)
(110)
(215)
(93)
(515)
(494)
(154)
(468)
(129)
(128)
(727)
(283)
(73)
(164)
(114)
(67)
(106)
(356)
(159)
(87)
(124)
(122)
(68)
(85)
(70)
(78)
(820)
(96)
(66)
(304)
(165)
(95)
(174)
(63)
(99)
(189)
(77)
(134)
(165)
(220)
(67)
(103)
(72)
(780)
(167)
(75)
(178)
(129)
(324)
(65)
(87)
(62)
(178)
(119)
(127)
(67)
(80)
(112)
(160)
(506)
(296)
(125)
(101)
(91)
(152)
(402)
(129)
(97)
(82)
(91)
(78)
(89)
(379)
(86)
(440)
(181)
(188)
(73)
(65)
(121)
(181)
(77)
(120)
(65)
(98)
(379)
(92)
(121)
(174)
(90)
(113)
(660)
(77)
(136)
(195)
(437)
(189)
(94)
(150)
(203)
(77)
(428)
(113)
(68)
(61)
(312)
(235)
(248)
(73)
(147)
(74)
(77)
(126)
(100)
(61)
(77)
(348)
(83)
(61)
(67)
(96)
(61)
(171)
(404)
(354)
(131)
(111)
(397)
(61)
(119)
(79)
(93)
(93)
(212)
(85)
(81)
(86)
(267)
(571)
(336)
(102)
(155)
(569)
(254)
(1240)
(902)
(203)
(99)
(104)
(265)
(69)
(65)
(294)
(332)
(88)
(107)
(101)
(58)
(477)
(89)
(103)
(129)
(573)
(311)
(66)
(206)
(98)
(63)
(83)
(140)
(78)
(72)
(234)
(154)
(130)
(84)
(339)
(444)
(308)
(83)
(60)
(243)
(78)
(76)
(87)
(128)
(378)
(232)
(85)
(228)
(68)
(77)
(215)
(190)
(65)
(82)
(65)
(61)
(179)
(70)
(109)
(134)
(270)
(92)
(97)
(68)
(151)
(129)
(126)
(1026)
(211)
(83)
(251)
(332)
(62)
(61)
(164)
(112)
(165)
(369)
(170)
(108)
(71)
(264)
(126)
(85)
(72)
(104)
(73)
(93)
(77)
(108)
(281)
(178)
(628)
(70)
(378)
(100)
(93)
(196)
(79)
(217)
(238)
(322)
(202)
(179)
(144)
(121)
(85)
(122)
(195)
(66)
(235)
(217)
(464)
(1141)
(146)
(311)
(92)
(64)
(84)
(111)
(87)
(134)
(110)
(192)
(65)
(191)
(114)
(65)
(174)
(150)
(100)
(309)
(106)
(58)
(462)
(255)
(259)
(94)
(90)
(112)
(119)
(127)
(92)
(91)
(90)
(62)
(72)
(117)
(335)
(362)
(275)
(91)
(96)
(370)
(568)
(67)
(475)
(152)
(79)
(79)
(70)
(198)
(85)
(99)
(136)
(69)
(107)
(89)
(120)
(85)
(85)
(69)
(360)
(399)
(68)
(178)
(65)
(59)
(161)
(62)
(183)
(292)
(94)
(82)
(667)
(139)
(112)
(97)
(113)
(109)
(65)
(141)
(114)
(111)
(99)
(449)
(65)
(234)
(281)
(89)
(136)
(407)
(195)
(96)
(95)
(176)
(140)
(239)
(687)
(71)
(77)
(81)
(74)
(245)
(103)
(407)
(175)
(1039)
(120)
(222)
(155)
(95)
(574)
(69)
(81)
(95)
(64)
(127)
(61)
(89)
(94)
(257)
(83)
(84)
(284)
(68)
(68)
(260)
(67)
(179)
(73)
(185)
(88)
(1221)
(293)
(279)
(60)
(643)
(142)
(62)
(296)
(145)
(94)
(145)
(91)
(197)
(154)
(86)
(66)
(550)
(86)
(348)
(147)
(159)
(78)
(84)
(126)
(65)
(94)
(61)
(60)
(133)
(281)
(72)
(580)
(203)
(61)
(250)
(129)
(893)
(353)
(150)
(99)
(102)
(482)
(111)
(83)
(174)
(124)
(80)
(217)
(100)
(59)
(991)
(65)
(141)
(239)
(132)
(240)
(254)
(202)
(178)
(69)
(269)
(326)
(90)
(127)
(90)
(82)
(511)
(90)
(95)
(124)
(163)
(94)
(74)
(78)
(83)
(1281)
(193)
(269)
(120)
(80)
(333)
(405)
(122)
(78)
(153)
(155)
(409)
(238)
(120)
(98)
(74)
(220)
(69)
(348)
(138)
(107)
(80)
(127)
(74)
(460)
(95)
(130)
(216)
(76)
(63)
(62)
(218)
(143)
(124)
(63)
(67)
(66)
(98)
(63)
(428)
(58)
(100)
(108)
(190)
(65)
(136)
(123)
(64)
(101)
(102)
(87)
(128)
(107)
(78)
(87)
(89)
(117)
(99)
(101)
(58)
(106)
(78)
(115)
(119)
(72)
(162)
(88)
(89)
(255)
(58)
(135)
(140)
(122)
(67)
(271)
(168)
(81)
(147)
(267)
(282)
(247)
0 of 1000
(5)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(9)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(19)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(4)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(12)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(11)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(10)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(18)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(11)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(3)
(7)
(5)
(3)
(6)
(7)
(3)
(6)
(3)
(7)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(10)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(9)
(9)
(3)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(8)
(3)
(3)
(3)
0 of 1000
Showing 561 - 580 of 35440 results
  • MD 210 Before and After Case Study for Speed Management Practices
    MD 210 Before and After Case Study for Speed Management Practices
    Franz, Mark L. ;
    Zahedian, Sara
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    MD 210 is known as one of the most dangerous roads in the state of Maryland. While MDOT SHA is aware that speeding is contributing factor in most crashes on MD 210, conventional efforts to reduce speeding, such as signing and automated speed enforcement have not been successful. In addition to speeding, driving behaviors such as harsh braking, hars ...
  • ReExamining Minimum Reinforcement Requirements for Shear Design Final Report
    Re-Examining Minimum Reinforcement Requirements for Shear Design: Final Report
    Sideris, Petros ;
    Birely, Anna C.
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    Minimum shear reinforcement requirements in the Association of State Highway Transportation Officials Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications are based on tests conducted on reinforced concrete panels and beams. The extension of these requirements to prestressed concrete beams has not been comprehensive and may have in ...
  • Reexamine Minimum Reinforcement Requirements for Shear Design Project Summary
    Re-examine Minimum Reinforcement Requirements for Shear Design [Project Summary]
    Birely, Anna C. ;
    Hueste, Mary Beth D.
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    Minimum shear reinforcement requirements in the Association of State Highway Transportation Officials Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) Bridge Design Specifications are based on tests conducted on reinforced concrete panels and beams. The extension of these requirements to prestressed concrete beams has not been comprehensive and may have in ...
  • Load and Resistance Factor Rating Methodology Recommendations for Missouri Bridges
    Load and Resistance Factor Rating Methodology Recommendations for Missouri Bridges
    Ganesh, Thiagarajan ;
    Finke, John
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    Traditionally, MoDOT performed bridge load ratings using the Load Factor Rating (LFR) methodology. With the adoption of Load and Resistance Factor Design based Load and Resistance Factor Rating (LRFR) methodology, MoDOT is migrating to LRFR for rating bridges. The primary goal of this study is to develop and recommend load posting policies using th ...
    Supporting Files
  • Determining an Acceptable California Bearing Ratio CBR Value for Kansas Subgrades Based on Pavement Distress Data
    Determining an Acceptable California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Value for Kansas Subgrades Based on Pavement Distress Data
    Perić, Dunja ;
    Goh, Gyuhyeong
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    The major objective of this study was to develop scientifically based recommendations for acceptable California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values for Kansas subgrades. To this end, multiple statistical analyses including: 1) Principal Component Regression Analysis (PCRA), 2) Regression Analysis (RA), 3) Multivariate Principal Component Regression Analysis ...
  • Determining an Acceptable California Bearing Ratio CBR Value for Kansas Subgrades Based on Pavement Distress Data Technical Summary
    Determining an Acceptable California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Value for Kansas Subgrades Based on Pavement Distress Data [Technical Summary]
    Perić, Dunja ;
    Goh, Gyuhyeong
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of subgrade soils, which can be used in design of flexible pavements, can be obtained from Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) tests through a statistical correlation. The main objective of this study was to determine an acceptable CBR value based on the use of statistical pavement performance evaluation models. To this e ...
  • Skew Detection System Replacement on Vertical Lift Bridges Phase 2
    Skew Detection System Replacement on Vertical Lift Bridges (Phase 2)
    Rees, Gareth
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    A potential vulnerability of a tower drive vertical lift bridge is a failure to maintain level operation over the length or width of its movable span; this is known as longitudinal or transverse skew, respectively. When either of these conditions occurs, they can cause the movable span to jam in its guides; without adequate protection, this can lea ...
  • Skew Detection System Replacement on Vertical Lift Bridges Phase 2 Technical Summary
    Skew Detection System Replacement on Vertical Lift Bridges (Phase 2) [Technical Summary]
    Rees, Gareth
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    A potential vulnerability of a tower drive vertical lift bridge is a failure to maintain level operation over the length or width of its movable span; this is known as longitudinal or transverse skew, respectively. When either of these conditions occurs, they can cause the movable span to jam in its guides; without adequate protection, this can lea ...
  • Electric Vehicle Simulations Based on KansasCentric Conditions
    Electric Vehicle Simulations Based on Kansas-Centric Conditions
    Depcik, Christopher ;
    Simpson, Tyler
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    Range anxiety is a significant contributor to consumer reticence when purchasing Electric Vehicles (EVs); thus, industry is pushing the range of EVs by enhancing lithium-ion battery chemistry. As a result, new commercial EVs readily achieve over 200 miles of range as found by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). However, this me ...
  • Electric Vehicle Simulations Based on KansasCentric Conditions Summary
    Electric Vehicle Simulations Based on Kansas-Centric Conditions [Summary]
    Depcik, Christopher ;
    Simpson, Tyler
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    Range anxiety is a significant contributor to consumer reticence when purchasing Electric Vehicles (EVs); thus, industry is pushing the range of EVs by enhancing lithium-ion battery chemistry. As a result, new commercial EVs readily achieve over 200 miles of range as found by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). However, this me ...
  • Project Summary RealTime Integration of Arrow Board Messages into Traveler Information Systems
    Project Summary: Real-Time Integration of Arrow Board Messages into Traveler Information Systems
    Minnesota. Department of Transportation  ...
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    Many DOTs struggle with real-time information being relayed to their users in situations that involve lane closures. Due to the variability in location and duration, real-time integration of arrow board messages into traveler information systems became an item of interest for MnDOT to provide up-to-date data to travelers.
  • Project Summary Connected Corridor
    Project Summary: Connected Corridor
    Minnesota Department of Transportation  ...
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    The Connected Corridor was a foundational Connected Vehicle (CV) project along TH-55 that included planning, design, deployment, and operation of CV technologies to create a better understanding of what is required for planning and preparing for emerging transportation technologies. This initiative showcased technologies to improve the safety and e ...
  • Project Summary CostBenefit Analysis of FuelEfficient Speed Control using SPaT Data
    Project Summary: Cost/Benefit Analysis of Fuel-Efficient Speed Control using SPaT Data
    Minnesota. Department of Transportation
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    MnDOT’s Connected Corridor project in 2020 contributed to progress in the development and deployment of technology for vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. Using signal phasing and timing (SPaT) data from signalized intersections to control driving speed, this project completed a cost benefit analysis for use of SPaT data in connected vehicles ...
  • Project Summary Variable Pedestrian Clearance Interval VPCI
    Project Summary: Variable Pedestrian Clearance Interval (VPCI)
    Minnesota. Department of Transportation
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    The Variable Pedestrian Clearance Interval (VPCI) project consisted of deploying, testing, and analyzing the results of installing video at an intersection to extend the Flashing Don't Walk (FDW) interval as needed when pedestrians were still located within the crosswalk.
  • Optimal RWIS Sensor Density and Location Phase IV Tech Transfer Summary
    Optimal RWIS Sensor Density and Location – Phase IV [Tech Transfer Summary]
    Kwon, Tae J
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    Automating the estimation of winter road surface conditions has the potential to improve the speed, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of winter road maintenance activities.
  • Optimal RWIS Sensor Density and Location Phase IV
    Optimal RWIS Sensor Density and Location – Phase IV
    Wu, Mingjian ;
    Kwon, Tae J
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    Road weather information systems (RWIS), in both stationary and mobile forms, have become increasingly popular in recent decades for their ability to collect and disseminate road weather and surface data. In addition to meteorological measurements, highway agencies rely heavily on RWIS imagery data to guide winter road maintenance (WRM) operations. ...
  • Project Summary White Bear Lake Automated Shuttle Pilot Bear Tracks
    Project Summary: White Bear Lake Automated Shuttle Pilot: Bear Tracks
    Minnesota. Department of Transportation  ...
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    The Bear Tracks Automated Shuttle Pilot was a research project that included the 12-month operation (August 2022-July 2023) of a Level 3 Automated Vehicle (AV) Shuttle along a 1.5-mile-long route in the city of White Bear Lake. The shuttle itself was a self-driving, electric, multi-passenger vehicle that drove at a speed between 10-12 miles per hou ...
  • Detection and Assessment of Sulfates in the Pavement Subgrade
    Detection and Assessment of Sulfates in the Pavement Subgrade
    Gupta, Kanika ;
    Santagata, Maria C.
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    The ability to accurately detect sulfates in an existing subgrade has been a major challenge for INDOT’s pavement maintenance and rehabilitation projects. Although naturally occurring sulfates in soil pose a significant construction challenge, detecting sulfates in an existing subgrade may be problematic and costly, given that the presence of sulfa ...
  • A New Approach to Accelerated Fabrication of Steel Bridges Design Optimization and Demonstration
    A New Approach to Accelerated Fabrication of Steel Bridges: Design, Optimization, and Demonstration
    Thrall, Ashley P ;
    Mutoka, Sherryen C
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    This research developed and demonstrated a new approach to the accelerated fabrication of resilient steel bridges—built-up press-brake formed tub girders (PBTGs). Built-up PBTGs are comprised of webs that are cold bent via a press brake and bolted to separate, flat bottom and top flanges. This investigation included (1) designing and building two d ...
  • Best Practices for Dust Control in Minnesota
    Best Practices for Dust Control in Minnesota
    Marti, Michael ;
    Salum, Jimoku
    2024-11-01 | PDF
    More than 50 percent of the road network in the United States are gravel roads, underscoring their crucial role in the transportation system. However, one of the drawbacks and biggest complaints of gravel roads is the dust they generate when vehicles pass, causing inconvenience for residents from dust that settles on homes, yards, and parked cars. ...
    Supporting Files
561 - 580 / 35440