U.S. flag An official website of the United States government.
Official websites use .gov

A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS

A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Transportation Resilience & Vulnerability Collection

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

The Transportation Resilience & Vulnerability Collection is a curated selection of information on transportation infrastructure, resilience, and vulnerability issues. Bookmark this collection: https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/collection_tccc or https://doi.org/10.21949/1530826.

(29)
(29)
(11)
(13)
(13)
(20)
(37)
(31)
(34)
(33)
(48)
(28)
(24)
(25)
(30)
(41)
(56)
(44)
(7)
(4)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(9)
(7)
(15)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 38
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 998
(1)
(65)
(3)
(11)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(14)
(17)
(159)
(336)
(1)
0 of 14
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
0 of 151
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(51)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(22)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(16)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(26)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(16)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(45)
(1)
(1)
(51)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(19)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(26)
(1)
0 of 307
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(25)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(11)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(25)
(1)
(1)
(12)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(24)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(47)
(3)
(8)
(1)
(22)
(1)
(51)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(15)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(9)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(55)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(11)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
0 of 208
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(16)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(36)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(74)
(33)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(32)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(15)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(19)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(9)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(16)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(28)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(23)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(26)
(535)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(10)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(6)
(1)
(13)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(8)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(22)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(9)
(1)
(2)
(65)
(5)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(17)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(7)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(13)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(17)
(4)
(1)
(20)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(47)
(12)
(1)
(20)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(28)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(24)
(67)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(5)
(27)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(6)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(16)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(90)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(43)
(1)
(1)
(56)
(3)
(11)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(14)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(26)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(8)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(103)
(1)
(3)
(4)
(1)
(88)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(168)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(38)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(4)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(54)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(4)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(9)
(1)
(3)
(6)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(6)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(5)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(40)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(10)
(1)
(13)
(2)
(3)
(13)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(1)
(6)
(2)
(1)
(18)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(1)
(4)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(7)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(16)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(6)
(2)
(8)
(5)
(3)
(26)
(5)
(17)
(12)
(2)
(27)
(3)
(4)
(13)
(34)
(54)
(3)
(33)
(3)
(22)
(7)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(26)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(4)
(3)
(10)
(3)
(12)
(3)
(17)
(5)
(10)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(17)
(55)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(9)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(48)
(2)
(6)
(5)
(3)
(3)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(7)
(5)
(2)
(14)
(3)
(3)
(6)
(15)
(37)
(24)
(8)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(10)
(2)
(26)
(117)
(4)
(6)
(2)
(34)
(2)
(6)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(6)
(4)
(2)
(13)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(138)
(2)
(11)
(7)
(3)
(8)
(2)
(2)
(9)
(12)
(2)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(12)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(8)
(3)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(8)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(13)
(3)
(2)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(2)
(7)
(2)
(6)
(12)
(14)
(2)
(2)
(23)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(7)
0 of 1000
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
0 of 371
Showing 441 - 460 of 624 results
  • Decarbonisation Strategies How Much How Where and Who Pays for Delta Less than or Equalto 2 Celsius
    Decarbonisation Strategies: How Much, How, Where and Who Pays for [Delta] [Less than or Equal-to] 2° Celsius?
    Urjit R. Patel
    2010-03-01 | PDF
    This paper was written for the conference presidential address delivered on January 23 2010 at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Gujarat Economic Association in Kim (Surat District), India. The paper has been motivated primarily to outline and delve into what is entailed—along key dimensions—in bringing about emissions reduction for climate stabilizat ...
  • Federal Climate Change Programs Funding History and Policy Issues
    Federal Climate Change Programs: Funding History and Policy Issues
    Webre, Philip
    2010-03-01 | PDF
    In recent years, the federal government has allocated several billion dollars annually for projects to expand the understanding of climate change or to reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions. Most of that spending is done by the Department of Energy (DOE) and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), altho ...
  • Our Nations Air Status and Trends through 2008
    Our Nation's Air Status and Trends through 2008
    United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
    2010-02-01 | PDF
    This summary report presents EPA's most recent evaluation of our nation's air quality status and takes a closer look at the relationship between air quality and climate change.
  • Airport Improvement Program AIP Reauthorization Issues for Congress
    Airport Improvement Program (AIP): Reauthorization Issues for Congress
    Kirk, Robert S.
    2010-01-27 | PDF
    This report discusses the Airport Improvement Program and its complement, the PFC, within the broader context of airport capital development finance.5 After a brief history of federal support for airport construction and improvement, the report describes AIP funding, its source of revenues, funding distribution, and the types of projects the progra ...
  • Aviation and Climate Change
    Aviation and Climate Change
    McCarthy, James E.
    2010-01-27 | PDF
    This report provides background on aviation emissions and the factors affecting them; it discusses the tools available to control emissions, including existing authority under the Clean Air Act and proposed economy-wide cap-and-trade legislation; and it examines international regulatory developments that may affect U.S. commercial airlines. These i ...
  • Public Transportations Role in Responding to Climate Change January 2010
    Public Transportation’s Role in Responding to Climate Change [January 2010]
    Hodges, Tina
    2010-01-01 | PDF
    This paper details the role public transportation has in responding to the challenge of climate change. It collects and analyzes data from across the country on public transportation fuel use, vehicles deployed, rides taken, and other key metrics, drawn from the National Transit Database at the Federal Transit Administration. This data, combined wi ...
  • Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Aviation and Marine Transportation Mitigation Potential and Policies
    Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Aviation and Marine Transportation: Mitigation Potential and Policies
    Gould, Gregory ;
    McCollum, David
    2009-12-01 | PDF
    This paper provides an overview of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from aviation and marine transportation and the various mitigation options to reduce these emissions. Reducing global emissions by 50 to 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050—reductions scientific studies suggest are necessary to stabilize the climate and avoid the most destructive im ...
  • Comparative Evaluation of Rail and Truck Fuel Efficiency on Competitive Corridors Final Report
    Comparative Evaluation of Rail and Truck Fuel Efficiency on Competitive Corridors: Final Report
    ICF International (Firm)
    2009-11-19 | PDF
    This study provides a comparative evaluation of rail and truck fuel efficiency on corridors and services in which both modes compete. For the purposes of this study, competitive movements are defined as those of the same commodity having the same (or proximate) origin and destination (O-D) pairs. This study also provides an analysis of past and fut ...
  • LightDuty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends 1975 through 2008
    Light-Duty Automotive Technology and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 through 2008
    United States. Environmental Protection Agency
    2009-11-01 | PDF
    This report summarizes key trends in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, fuel economy and technology usage related to model year (MY) 1975 through 2009 light-duty vehicles sold in the United States. Light-duty vehicles are those vehicles that EPA classifies as cars or light-duty trucks (sport utility vehicles or SUVs, vans, and pickup trucks with gross ...
  • Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment
    Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment
    Turner, J
    2009-11-01 | PDF
    This volume provides a comprehensive, up-to-date account of how the physical and biological environment of the Antarctic continent and Southern Ocean has changed from Deep Time until the present day. It also considers how the Antarctic environment may change over the next century in a world where greenhouse gas concentrations are much higher than o ...
  • Efficiency Trends for New Commercial Jet Aircraft 19602008
    Efficiency Trends for New Commercial Jet Aircraft 1960–2008
    Rutherford, Daniel ;
    Zeinali, Mazyar
    2009-11-01 | PDF
    Concerns about aviation's growing climate impact have revived interest in CO2 emission standards for new aircraft. To date, commercial aviation has been perceived to produce continuous improvements in efficiency by quickly adopting fuel-efficient technologies and designs as a natural response to fuel prices. This paper describes an historical analy ...
  • Federal Aviation Administration FAA Reauthorization An Overview of Legislative Action in the 111th Congress
    Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Reauthorization: An Overview of Legislative Action in the 111th Congress
    Elias, Bart
    2009-10-08 | PDF
    This report tracks the status of ongoing legislative action and debate related to FAA reauthorization. It is organized into six major program areas: aviation system finance; airport financing; FAA management and organizational issues; system capacity and safety; environmental issues; and airline industry issues. In several cases, provisions that ap ...
  • Climate Change Costs and Benefits of the CapandTrade Provisions of HR 2454
    Climate Change: Costs and Benefits of the Cap-and-Trade Provisions of H.R. 2454
    Parker, Larry ;
    Yacobucci, Brent D.
    2009-09-14 | PDF
    This report examines seven studies that project the costs of H.R. 2454 to 2030 or beyond. It is difficult (and some would consider it unwise) to project costs up to the year 2030, much less beyond. The already tenuous assumption that current regulatory standards will remain constant becomes more unrealistic as time goes forward, and other unforesee ...
  • EcoLogical An Ecosystem Approach to Developing Transportation Infrastructure Projects in a Changing Environment Conference Paper
    Eco-Logical: An Ecosystem Approach to Developing Transportation Infrastructure Projects in a Changing Environment [Conference Paper]
    Bacher-Gresock, Bethaney ;
    Schwarzer, Julianne Siegel
    2009-09-13 | PDF
    The development of infrastructure facilities can negatively impact critical habitat and essential ecosystems. There are a variety of techniques available to avoid, minimize, and mitigate negative impacts of existing infrastructure as well as future infrastructure development. However, such techniques may not always provide the greatest environmenta ...
  • Bush School Capstone Course Support The Regional Impact of Climate Change on Transportation Infrastructure and Decision Making
    Bush School Capstone Course Support: The Regional Impact of Climate Change on Transportation Infrastructure and Decision Making
    Lindquist, Eric
    2009-09-01 | PDF
    The Master of Public Service and Administration program at Texas A&M's Bush School of Government and Public Service requires that all second-year graduate students participate in a two semester Capstone course. These courses represent the practical culmination of the degree program and are based on a real-world research experience. For the 2008-09 ...
  • Climate Change Policy Recommendations to Reach Consensus
    Climate Change Policy: Recommendations to Reach Consensus
    Brookings Institution
    2009-09-01 | PDF
    To craft a post-2012 climate change agreement, four key sticking points will need to be addressed in advance of the COP15. First, a number of hurdles must be overcome to put in place global abatement targets for the near- and mid-term—and critically, to establish what countries are willing to do individually to achieve these goals. Next, a more com ...
  • Emissions Targets in CapandTrade Choosing Reduction Goals Compatible with Global Climate Stabilization
    Emissions Targets in Cap-and-Trade: Choosing Reduction Goals Compatible with Global Climate Stabilization
    Mignone, Bryan K.
    2009-09-01 | PDF
    Among the major environmental threats facing the world today, climate change stands out as both the largest in scope and the most unique in character, in the sense that the atmosphere truly does not recognize national boundaries when it comes to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Simply put, a ton of CO2 emitted in the US yields exactly the same globa ...
  • The Challenges of Climate for Energy Markets
    The Challenges of Climate for Energy Markets
    Brennan, Timothy J.
    2009-09-01 | PDF
    Among the many complex issues of technology, governance, and market design affecting the electricity sector, climate policy has become dominant. From the perspective of a nonspecialist looking at this changing dominance, a quiz illuminates some of the peculiar uses of language one can find in climate change and energy efficiency policy. Six economi ...
  • The Role of Federal Gasoline Excise Taxes in Public Policy
    The Role of Federal Gasoline Excise Taxes in Public Policy
    Pirog, Robert
    2009-08-16 | PDF
    American drivers, compared to those in other industrialized nations in Europe, pay relatively low federal, state, and local gasoline and diesel excise taxes. The Federal taxes are used specifically to fund annual highway construction, maintenance, and mass transit. Over the years, proposals have come forth to raise the federal tax as a way to addre ...
  • Accelerated Vehicle Retirement for Fuel Economy Cash for Clunkers
    Accelerated Vehicle Retirement for Fuel Economy: “Cash for Clunkers”
    Yacobucci, Brent D. ;
    Canis, Bill
    2009-08-10 | PDF
    Abstract from author: This report outlines the key provisions of the CARS program, discusses the initial impact of the program and some of the concerns raised by Senators. It also summarizes similar programs in other countries.
441 - 460 / 624