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NHTSA - Vehicle Safety Research

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

This collection features publications and reports from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Vehicle Safety Research program. Its mission is to strategize, plan, and execute research initiatives that advance the agency's core goal: reducing motor vehicle crashes, fatalities, and injuries. Resources in this collection reflect research prioritized for its potential to improve highway safety, ensuring direct alignment with Congressional mandates and broader Department of Transportation (DOT) and NHTSA objectives. For more information, visit the NHTSA Vehicle Safety Research.

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Showing 21 - 40 of 261 results
  • Assessment of LightVehicle ADAS Crash Avoidance Technologies in Response to 2Wheeled Vehicles as Principal Other Vehicles
    Assessment of Light-Vehicle ADAS Crash Avoidance Technologies in Response to 2-Wheeled Vehicles as Principal Other Vehicles
    McDaniel, Marcus C. ;
    Ricketts, Blaine D.
    2025-10-01 | PDF
    This project examines the characterization testing of automatic emergency braking and blind spot intervention (BSI) system performance when encountering a 2-wheeled principal other vehicle (POV) in either a rear-end crash or lane change crash scenario. Tests conducted represented variations on the NHTSA crash imminent braking (CIB) and BSI test pro ...
  • Parametric Study of PreCrash Vehicle Maneuvers and Occupant Safety Performance Response
    Parametric Study of Pre-Crash Vehicle Maneuvers and Occupant Safety Performance Response
    Dahiya, Ankuj ;
    Meng, Yunzhu
    2025-10-01 | PDF
    This report addresses the influence of pre-crash vehicle maneuvers on the injury risks of front-passenger-seated occupants during a frontal crash. Seat position and occupant characteristics including anthropometry, sex, and age were included in the developed design of experiments.
  • Parametric Model for Simulating Occupant Responses During PreCrash Vehicle Maneuvers
    Parametric Model for Simulating Occupant Responses During Pre-Crash Vehicle Maneuvers
    Hu, Jingwen ;
    Lin, Yang-Shen
    2025-09-01 | PDF
    This study developed and demonstrated an efficient tool to accurately predict occupant pre-crash kinematics in response to different types of vehicle pre-crash maneuvers. A literature review revealed crash avoidance maneuvers come in three categories: braking, steering, and a combination of braking and steering, with braking being the most common m ...
  • Vehicle Automatic Lower Beam Activation System Test Procedure Development
    Vehicle Automatic Lower Beam Activation System Test Procedure Development
    Voyzey, Nick ;
    Mazzae, Elizabeth N.
    2025-09-01 | PDF
    This report describes the development and testing of a draft test procedure confirming the performance of vehicle automatic activation systems for lower beam headlamps (a.k.a. low-beam headlights) that turn the lamps on and off based on ambient light level. A valid laboratory-based method was developed for simulating ambient sunlight coming from a ...
  • Assessing the Effect of Test Target Offset on Forward Collision Warning and Automatic Braking Onset Timing
    Assessing the Effect of Test Target Offset on Forward Collision Warning and Automatic Braking Onset Timing
    Snyder, Andrew C. ;
    O’Harra, Bryan C
    2025-09-01 | PDF
    The report describes the forward collision warning (FCW) and subject vehicle (SV) braking onset. Three vehicles, a 2017 Mercedes E300, a 2018 Nissan Leaf, and a 2017 Volvo S90, were evaluated using the Global Vehicle Target Revision E in three rear-end crash scenarios: lead vehicle stopped, lead vehicle moving, and lead vehicle decelerating. The ve ...
  • Lower Beam Headlighting System Performance OnVehicle Test Procedure Examination
    Lower Beam Headlighting System Performance On-Vehicle Test Procedure Examination
    Voyzey, Nick ;
    Mazzae, Elizabeth N.
    2025-09-01 | PDF
    The 2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act amended FMVSS No. 108 to include performance-based standards for vehicle lower beam headlighting systems to ensure they are correctly aimed and tested on vehicles to account for lamp height and lighting performance. This report summarizes an effort to develop a test procedure that assesses performance ...
  • Evaluation of FMVSS No 305a ElectricPowered Vehicles Water Exposure Safety
    Evaluation of FMVSS No. 305a Electric-Powered Vehicles: Water Exposure Safety
    Coffin, Tim ;
    Bendig, Colleen
    2025-07-01 | PDF
    A Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in April 2024 proposed to amend FMVSS No. 305 to include performance requirements and risk mitigation for the rechargeable electrical energy storage system (REESS), and set a level of REES protection against external fault inputs, ensuring REESS operations are within the manufacturer-specified functional range, and i ...
  • FMVSS Considerations for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems Volume 3
    FMVSS Considerations for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems: Volume 3
    Chaka, Michelle ;
    Stowe, Loren
    2025-07-01 | PDF
    The portion of the research project included in this report focuses on 28 Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS). It provides research findings, including the performance requirements and test procedures, in terms of options regarding technical translations, based on potential regulatory barriers identified for compliance verification of in ...
  • Evaluation of Tether Anchor Zones for FMVSS No 225
    Evaluation of Tether Anchor Zones for FMVSS No. 225
    Wietholter, Kedryn ;
    Smith, Joshua
    2025-07-01 | PDF
    FMVSS No. 225, Child restraint anchorage systems, requires that nearly all motor vehicles be equipped with Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children (LATCH). Tether anchors are located rearward from the child restraint system (CRS), often found on the back of the vehicle seat or rear package shelf. A Notice of Proposed Rulemaking was released in Janua ...
  • Evaluation of LATCH Usability Tools Update
    Evaluation of LATCH Usability Tools Update
    Louden, Allison E. ;
    Wietholter, Kedryn
    2025-07-01 | PDF
    In 2015 NHTSA published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) for FMVSS No. 225, Child restraint anchorage systems, that proposed three new requirements for LATCH lower anchors in vehicles: a minimum clearance angle, a maximum attachment force, and a maximum depth of the anchor in the seat bight. These requirements were proposed to improve lower a ...
  • HeavyTruck RearImpactGuard Finite Element Simulation and Analysis
    Heavy-Truck Rear-Impact-Guard Finite Element Simulation and Analysis
    Jones, Derek A ;
    Kalmar-Gonzalo, Alex
    2025-07-01 | PDF
    This report describes finite element modeling to develop computational models of rear-impact semi-trailer guards used to simulate quasi-static tests prescribed by FMVSS No. 223 tests as well as a motor vehicle crash into the rear of a truck semi-trailer. For the crash simulations, existing FE models of passenger cars were applied, along with models ...
  • Vehicle Safety Recall Completion Rates
    Vehicle Safety Recall Completion Rates
    United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Defects Investigations
    2025-01-01 | PDF
    This report builds on the foundation established by three earlier congressional reports required under the Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act (FAST Act), enacted in 2015. Section 24104 mandated biennial analyses of vehicle safety recall completion rates, culminating in the submission of the final required report in compliance with this dir ...
  • Review of Literature Addressing Pedestrian Injury Risk and Motor Vehicle Characteristics Task 1
    Review of Literature Addressing Pedestrian Injury Risk and Motor Vehicle Characteristics — Task 1
    Frazier, Heather ;
    Roulett, Margaret
    2025-01-01 | PDF
    NHTSA contracted the Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress to conduct four distinct literature and data reviews: (1) literature concerning pedestrian injury risk and vehicle size, (2) literature investigating vehicle testing for pedestrian protection (i.e., hood and leg form testing), (3) current and projected vehicle market trends a ...
    Supporting Files
  • Annotated Bibliography of Pedestrian Data Sources Task 4
    Annotated Bibliography of Pedestrian Data Sources — Task 4
    United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Vehicle Safety Research
    2025-01-01 | EXCEL
    NHTSA contracted the Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress to conduct four distinct literature and data reviews: (1) literature concerning pedestrian injury risk and vehicle size, (2) literature investigating vehicle testing for pedestrian protection (i.e., hood and leg form testing), (3) current and projected vehicle market trends a ...
    Supporting Files
  • Review of Literature Addressing Effects of Pedestrian SafetyRelated Test Requirements on Vehicle Design Fleet Composition and Pedestrian Injury Task 2
    Review of Literature Addressing Effects of Pedestrian Safety-Related Test Requirements on Vehicle Design, Fleet Composition, and Pedestrian Injury — Task 2
    Frazier, Heather ;
    Flanders, A R
    2025-01-01 | PDF
    NHTSA contracted the Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress to conduct four distinct literature and data reviews: (1) literature concerning pedestrian injury risk and vehicle size, (2) literature investigating vehicle testing for pedestrian protection (i.e., hood and leg form testing), (3) current and projected vehicle market trends a ...
  • HeavyDuty Vehicle Transmission Benchmarking Volvo IShift 12Speed Automated Manual Transmission
    Heavy-Duty Vehicle Transmission Benchmarking – Volvo I-Shift 12-Speed Automated Manual Transmission
    Wileman, Craig
    2025-01-01 | PDF
    The objective of this project was to evaluate and characterize the Volvo I-Shift 12-speed AMT (automated manual transmission) available for use in heavy-duty vehicles produced for the North American market. The evaluation of this transmission consisted of in-gear efficiency mapping, torque converter mapping, torque converter engagement strategy cha ...
  • Passenger Vehicle Surrogate Test Target Radar Return Repeatability
    Passenger Vehicle Surrogate Test Target Radar Return Repeatability
    Zeits, Roger ;
    Nagy, Ian
    2025-01-01 | PDF
    This report identified the variance in the radar cross section (RCS) of one vehicle test device (VTD), a test surrogate designed to emulate a small passenger car. Additional RCS measurements were performed on various types of vehicles for comparison with the VTD. Descriptions of the test equipment, measurement process, evaluation method, and result ...
  • Review of Literature Addressing Vehicle Pedestrian Safety Market Trends Task 3
    Review of Literature Addressing Vehicle Pedestrian Safety Market Trends — Task 3
    McQuistion, Ian ;
    Flanders, A R
    2025-01-01 | PDF
    NHTSA contracted the Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress to conduct four distinct literature and data reviews: (1) literature concerning pedestrian injury risk and vehicle size, (2) literature investigating vehicle testing for pedestrian protection (i.e., hood and leg form testing), (3) current and projected vehicle market trends a ...
    Supporting Files
  • Testing RearDoorLogic Based Unattended Child Reminder Systems
    Testing Rear-Door-Logic Based Unattended Child Reminder Systems
    Prasad, Aloke ;
    Snyder, Avary
    2024-12-01 | PDF
    From 1998 to 2023 there were 971 reported deaths in the United States due to pediatric vehicular heatstroke (PVH), an average of 37 PVH deaths per year. Unattended child reminder systems (UCRS), also known as child presence detection (CPD) systems, use direct sensing methods to detect or indirect sensing methods to infer the presence of a child ins ...
  • THOR50M InDummy Data Acquisition System Evaluation
    THOR-50M In-Dummy Data Acquisition System Evaluation
    Watkins, Laura ;
    Millis, William
    2024-12-01 | PDF
    This report describes the methods, procedures, and analysis used to evaluate the Test Device for Human Occupant Restraint 50th percentile male (THOR-50M) dummy without an internal data acquisition system (DAS) and a THOR-50M with an internal DAS. Qualification and crash testing were performed to investigate the differences in responses generated by ...
21 - 40 / 261
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