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NHTSA - Behavioral Safety Research

rosaP Repository & Open Science Access Portal

This collection features publications and reports from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Behavioral Safety Research program. The program studies highway safety attitudes and behaviors, with a specific focus on the actions of drivers, passengers, pedestrians, and motorcyclists. Resources in this collection help identify and measure the human behaviors most frequently involved in crashes or associated with traffic injuries. Furthermore, these reports document the development and refinement of safety countermeasures designed to deter unsafe practices and promote safe transportation alternatives. For more information, visit the NHTSA Behavioral Research page.

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Showing 421 - 440 of 1460 results
  • Blood Alcohol Concentration Testing and Reporting by the States Traffic Tech
    Blood Alcohol Concentration Testing and Reporting by the States [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2012-08-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Accurate and complete data on blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels for drivers in fatal crashes are critical in monitoring alcohol-impaired-driving rates across the country, developing alcohol-impaired-driving programs, and evaluating their effectiveness. The States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico gather these data and report them to ...
  • National Traffic Speeds Survey II 2009 Traffic Tech
    National Traffic Speeds Survey II: 2009 [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2012-08-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Vehicle speeds are a crucial factor in traffic safety. NHTSA estimates that speeding is involved in approximately 31% of fatal motor vehicle crashes, costing society over $40 billion per year. Since speeding is such a pervasive traffic safety issue, NHTSA funded two field surveys to measure driving speeds for all types of motor vehicles on freeways ...
  • National Traffic Speeds Survey I 2007
    National Traffic Speeds Survey I: 2007
    Huey, R. ;
    De Leonardis, D. ;
    Shapiro, G.
    ; etc...
    2012-08-01 | PDF
    A field survey was conducted during spring and summer 2007 to measure travel speeds and prepare nationallyrepresentative speed estimates for all types of motor vehicles on freeways, arterial highways, and collector roads across the United States. Over 10 million vehicle speeds were measured at more than 700 sites included in the geographic cluster ...
  • Impact of Implementing a Primary Enforcement Seat Belt Law in Florida A Case Study
    Impact of Implementing a Primary Enforcement Seat Belt Law in Florida: A Case Study
    Nichols, J. L. ;
    Chaffe, R. ;
    Solomon, Mark G.
    2012-08-01 | PDF
    On June 30, 2009, Florida implemented a primary seat belt law. The State was already engaged in a Rural Demonstration Program (RDP) to increase belt usage in rural areas in the northern part of the State and participated regularly in annual Click It or Ticket (CIOT) mobilizations. This study examined the changes in belt usage associated with the pr ...
  • Seat Belt Use Especially among LowUse Drivers Increases as Florida Upgrades to Primary Seat Belt Enforcement Traffic Tech
    Seat Belt Use, Especially among Low-Use Drivers, Increases as Florida Upgrades to Primary Seat Belt Enforcement [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2012-08-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    As a secondary seat belt law State, Florida had worked for many years to encourage more drivers to wear their seat belts by participating in annual Click It or Ticket (CIOT) mobilizations, and by conducting special programs in rural areas of the State. When Florida upgraded its seat belt law to primary enforcement on June 30, 2009, there was an exc ...
  • State Blood Alcohol Concentration BAC Testing and Reporting for Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes Current Practices Results and Strategies 19972009
    State Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) Testing and Reporting for Drivers Involved in Fatal Crashes: Current Practices, Results, and Strategies, 1997–2009
    Casanova, Tara ;
    Hedlund, James ;
    Tison, Julie
    2012-08-01 | PDF
    This report documents current State blood alcohol concentration (BAC) testing and reporting practices and results for drivers involved in fatal crashes. It summarizes known BAC results by State for the years 1997 to 2009 for both fatally injured and surviving drivers. It provides an overview of State practices using information obtained from teleph ...
  • National Traffic Speeds Survey II 2009
    National Traffic Speeds Survey II: 2009
    Huey, R. ;
    De Leonardis, D. ;
    Freedman, M.
    2012-07-01 | PDF
    A field survey was conducted during spring and summer 2009 as a longitudinal repetition to a similar effort undertaken in 2007. The goal was to measure travel speeds and prepare nationally representative speed estimates for all types of motor vehicles on freeways, arterial highways, and collector roads across the United States. Over 10 million vehi ...
  • Functional Assessments Safety Outcomes and Driving Exposure Measures for Older Drivers
    Functional Assessments, Safety Outcomes, and Driving Exposure Measures for Older Drivers
    Staplin, Loren ;
    Lococo, Kathy H. ;
    Gish, Kenneth W.
    ; etc...
    2012-07-01 | PDF
    This project was conducted to provide an objective measure of the relationship between older adults’ scores on a set of driving assessment tools and their (serious point) violations and crashes over a period of 18 months following the assessments. An additional objective was to compare alternative methods of measuring driver exposure. The assessmen ...
  • Demonstration and Evaluation of the Heed the Speed Pedestrian Safety Program
    Demonstration and Evaluation of the Heed the Speed Pedestrian Safety Program
    Blomberg, Richard D. ;
    Thomas, F. Dennis ;
    Marziani, Bruce J.
    2012-07-01 | PDF
    This study built upon the work of Blomberg and Cleven (2006) in Arizona, where they developed and pilot-tested the concept of Heed the Speed, a neighborhood-based combination of enforcement, education, and modest engineering designed to reduce vehicle speeds to benefit pedestrian safety. The current program was expanded and applied to Philadelphia, ...
  • Breath Test Refusals and Their Effect on DWI Prosecution
    Breath Test Refusals and Their Effect on DWI Prosecution
    Jones, Ralph K. ;
    Nichols, James L. ;
    2012-07-01 | PDF
    This report describes the design and results of a project aimed at estimating the rate that drivers refuse to submit to a legally-requested breath alcohol concentration test, and the effect of such refusals on the prosecution of DWI cases. The study found the mean refusal rate to be 21% in 39 jurisdictions providing data, a very small change from t ...
  • Demonstration and Evaluation of the Heed the Speed Pedestrian Safety Program Traffic Tech
    Demonstration and Evaluation of the Heed the Speed Pedestrian Safety Program [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2012-07-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Research has shown that higher vehicular speeds are related to increased pedestrian injury severity and death. It is unclear, however, if lowering vehicle speeds in residential areas would result in lower frequency of pedestrian-involved crashes. This study built upon the pilot work of Blomberg and Cleven (2006) that tested the Heed the Speed initi ...
  • Examination of Supplemental Driver Training and Online Basic Driver Education
    Examination of Supplemental Driver Training and Online Basic Driver Education
    Thomas, F. Dennis ;
    Blomberg, Richard D. ;
    Korbelak, Kristopher
    ; etc...
    2012-06-01 | PDF
    This report describes supplemental driver training programs and online basic driver education. It coves supplemental driver training that focused on knowledge and skills beyond those normally found in traditional driver education delivered in the United States and in other countries. It also reviewed online basic driver education programs that were ...
  • Review of Studies on Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety 19912007
    Review of Studies on Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety, 1991–2007
    Karsch, H. M. ;
    Hedlund, J. H. ;
    Tison, J.
    ; etc...
    2012-06-01 | PDF
    This report reviews the pedestrian and bicyclist safety research literature in print as of 2007. It summarizes and synthesizes the key studies, evaluates existing knowledge and identifies research gaps and provides recommendations for future direction. The review includes studies identified through searches of the TRIS, TRANSDOC, IRRD, PubMed, Psyc ...
  • The Effect of Passengers on Teen Driver Behavior
    The Effect of Passengers on Teen Driver Behavior
    Goodwin, Arthur H. ;
    Foss, Robert D. ;
    O'Brien, Natalie P.
    2012-04-01 | PDF
    A number of studies have shown that passengers substantially increase the risk of crashes for young, novice drivers. This increased risk may result from distractions that young passengers create for drivers. Alternatively, the presence of passengers may increase the likelihood of teenage drivers engaging in explicitly risky behaviors, for example, ...
  • Pedal Error Crashes Traffic Tech
    Pedal Error Crashes [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2012-04-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    This project examined the prevalence of crashes in which the driver pressed the accelerator pedal when he or she intended to press the brake pedal, and the characteristics associated with these crashes. Technical literature published between 1980 and 2009 included few studies regarding pedal application errors. Studies conducted using driving simul ...
  • A Fresh Look at Driver Education in America
    A Fresh Look at Driver Education in America
    Thomas, F. Dennis ;
    Blomberg, Richard D. ;
    Fisher, Donald L.
    2012-04-01 | PDF
    The objectives of this study were to: (1) identify and review current driver education and training programs in use nationally and internationally; (2) identify best teaching practices for teenagers; (3) examine the optimal sequencing for the presentation of safe driving skills in the classroom and behind-the-wheel training; and (4) assess whether ...
  • The Effect of Passengers on Teen Driver Behavior Traffic Tech
    The Effect of Passengers on Teen Driver Behavior [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2012-04-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    A number of studies have shown that passengers substantially increase the risk of crashes for young, novice drivers. This increased risk may result from distractions that young passengers create for drivers. Alternatively, the presence of passengers may increase the likelihood of teenage drivers engaging in explicitly risky behaviors, for example, ...
  • The Role of Supervised Driving in a Graduated Driver Licensing Program Traffic Tech
    The Role of Supervised Driving in a Graduated Driver Licensing Program [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2012-04-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Traditional Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) systems, in place in all the States, include three licensing stages: the initial learner stage, an intermediate or provisional phase, and full licensure. An important component of GDL systems is the extended learner stage for beginning drivers. This stage gives novice drivers opportunity to gain valuable ...
  • A Fresh Look at the State of Driver Education in America Traffic Tech
    A Fresh Look at the State of Driver Education in America [Traffic Tech]
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
    2012-04-01 | NHTSA BSR Traffic Tech | PDF
    Approximately 8 percent of all licensed drivers involved in fatal crashes are between 15 and 18 years old, and motor vehicle crashes remain the leading cause of death for this age group. It was once thought that effective driver education and training would reduce the high crash rates of young, novice drivers. Multiple evaluations of driver educati ...
  • Young Drivers Report the Highest Level of Phone Involvement in Crash or NearCrash Incidences
    Young Drivers Report the Highest Level of Phone Involvement in Crash or Near-Crash Incidences
    United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Office of Behavioral Safety Research
    2012-04-01 | PDF
    In the first nationally representative telephone survey on distracted driving, NHTSA reported attitudes and behaviors of 6,000 drivers 18 and older from all 50 States and the District of Columbia about distracted driving. This research note extracts information from the December 2011 survey about cell phone use and distracted driving for young driv ...
421 - 440 / 1460
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