Secured Small-Key-Based Post Quantum Cryptographic Scheme for Blockchain-Based VANET

Details

• Creators:
  Rahman, Mizanur ; Abrar, Akid ; Shakib, Kazi Hassan ; Chowdhury, Mashrur ; al Mamun, Abdullah ; Salek, M Sabbir ; Lao, Yingjie ; Zhang, Zhenkai ; Li, Shaozhi
• Corporate Creators:
  National Center for Transportation Cybersecurity and Resiliency (TraCR) National University Transportation Center (UTC) ; University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa
• Corporate Contributors:
  United States. Department of Transportation. University Transportation Centers (UTC) Program ; United States. Department of Transportation. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  • Blockchains
  • Computer security
  • System architecture
  • Vehicular ad hoc networks
  • Cyberattacks
  • Toll collection
  • Transportation system management
  • Data collection
  • Case studies
  • Post-Quantum Cryptography
  More +
• Publication/ Report Number:
  13
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  United States
• Edition:
  Final Report, 01/01/2024 - 12/31/2024
• Corporate Publisher:
  National Center for Transportation Cybersecurity and Resiliency (TraCR) National University Transportation Center (UTC)
• Description:
  The emergence of quantum computing presents significant challenges to traditional cryptographic algorithms used to secure data communication within Transportation Cyber-Physical Systems (TCPS). The vulnerabilities of traditional cryptographic schemes against quantum computing-based cyberattacks, with a particular focus on the data communication aspects of TCPS, are identified in this report. A case study has been conducted to analyze the vulnerabilities of a TCPS application from the Architecture Reference for Cooperative and Intelligent Transportation (ARC-IT) service package, i.e., Electronic Toll Collection, leveraging the Microsoft Threat Modeling tool. This case study highlights the cryptographic vulnerabilities of a TCPS application. In addition, this report, specifically, investigates the vulnerabilities of secured blockchain-based VANETs and presents an impersonation attack model utilizing Shor's algorithm implemented in a quantum computer to target the trust-based architecture of such networks. The findings reveal that an impersonation attack is feasible on a blockchain-based VANET, effectively compromising its trust chain. Consequently, this research underscores the critical need for a quantum-secured blockchain to enhance the security of VANETs and the urgency of transitioning to post-quantum cryptography (PQC) to mitigate these risks in TCPS. Thus, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)'s PQC standardization process, security levels, and implementation considerations of various PQC families in TCPS are reviewed. Finally, an experimental evaluation of CRYSTALS-Kyber assessed its performance across diverse TCPS communication scenarios, including both wired and wireless technologies. While CRYSTALS-Kyber proves effective in securing TCPS applications over high-bandwidth, low-latency Ethernet networks, this research highlights challenges in meeting the stringent latency requirements of safety-critical wireless applications within TCPS.
• Format:
  PDF
• Funding:
  69A3552344812 ; 69A3552348317
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93993/dot_93993_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.72 MB]
• Collection(s):
  University Transportation Centers
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:47ea7561fcd5ccc24de14890deb4455c6c66f70557133ae65b62fe18fb1598bc71097f0cab59f7d0c6512f71ec98798ea9b86b110feb9bceec87bba5c3cd9089