Outcalt, William (Skip) SHRP Chip Seal. Colorado. Department of Transportation, 2001, Report no. CDOT-DTD-R-2001-20, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93409.
This report is a follow-up to an earlier study that examined the effectiveness of preventive maintenance treatments. The Colorado test site consisted of three 250 m long test sections and one untreated 250 m long control section. Section I used lightweight chips made of expanded shale having a unit weight 60% of the standard chips. Sections II and III used standard weight chips. HFRS-2P emulsion was applied at 0.35 gal/sq yd on all sections. Chips were applied at the rate of 12 lb./sq yd on Section I and at the rate of 25 lb./sq yd on Sections II and III. Section III included a fog seal of HFRS-2P emulsion diluted 1:1 and applied at 0.05 gal/sq yd. The site was evaluated visually and through the use of skid testing, falling weight deflectometer, and profilograph equipment. The following results are based on observations of this site over a four-year period. Both lightweight and standard chip seals extend the life of the pavement by postponing environmentally induced cracking. The advantages in the use of lightweight chips would be reduced windshield damage compared with standard chips, and lower haul costs because they weigh less than 50% of standard chip weight.
Outcalt, William (Skip) SHRP Chip Seal. Colorado. Department of Transportation, 2001, Report no. CDOT-DTD-R-2001-20, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93409.
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