Fleming, E. S., Hopkins, S. E., & Ehrhart, B. D. (2026). Human Factors Considerations for Hydrogen Rail Refueling and Maintenance (Report No. DOT/FRA/ORD-26/17). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93170
Fleming, Elizabeth S., Shelby E. Hopkins, and Brian D. Ehrhart. Human Factors Considerations for Hydrogen Rail Refueling and Maintenance. Report no. DOT/FRA/ORD-26/17. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration, 2026. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93170.
Fleming, Elizabeth S., et al. Human Factors Considerations for Hydrogen Rail Refueling and Maintenance. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration, 2026, Report no. DOT/FRA/ORD-26/17, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93170.
The Federal Railroad Administration contracted Sandia National Laboratories to review the risks introduced specifically through human interactions within hydrogen rail refueling and maintenance activities and present design and regulatory recommendations for future system development and implementation. The team developed 50 human factor design guidelines through analysis of human risk factors. This research was conducted between 2021 and 2024 at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, NM.
Fleming, E. S., Hopkins, S. E., & Ehrhart, B. D. (2026). Human Factors Considerations for Hydrogen Rail Refueling and Maintenance (Report No. DOT/FRA/ORD-26/17). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93170
Fleming, Elizabeth S., Shelby E. Hopkins, and Brian D. Ehrhart. Human Factors Considerations for Hydrogen Rail Refueling and Maintenance. Report no. DOT/FRA/ORD-26/17. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration, 2026. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93170.
Fleming, Elizabeth S., et al. Human Factors Considerations for Hydrogen Rail Refueling and Maintenance. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration, 2026, Report no. DOT/FRA/ORD-26/17, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/93170.
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findings, journal articles, guidelines, recommendations, or other information authored or co-authored by
USDOT or funded partners. As a repository, ROSA P retains documents in their original published format to
ensure public access to scientific information.
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