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Preparing for Traffic Signal Operations in a Multi-Modal Connected and Autonomous Vehicle Environment
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2020-12-31
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[PDF-3.69 MB]
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Edition:Final Report
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Abstract:The objective of this research project is to help the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) identify the right time and location for selecting a corridor for connected vehicle (CV) implementation so that the technological needs and compatibilities are met and expected outcomes are significant. This research team surveyed twenty-one state departments of transportation (DOTs) about their completed or ongoing CV projects. The results showed the following most common combinations of the signal controller and RSU types for broadcasting the Spat message: Econolite ACS3 controller and Savari RSU, SURTRAC controller and Arada RSU, Econolite Cobalt controller and Arada RSU, and McCain ATC eX controller and Arada RSU. Most state DOTs implemented SPaT broadcast with MAP and RTCM. The most common applications were Multi-Modal Intelligent Traffic Signal System, Transit Signal Priority, Freight Signal prioritization, and Eco-driving. Demographic characteristics, being a part of future development, and high traffic demand levels on a corridor were the most important criteria used by state DOTs for selecting a corridor for CV application. This study also developed a methodology for multimodal signal control in urban streets with different CV market penetration rates. The research team used this methodology to evaluate mobility, progression quality, and system reliability at three corridors identified by WSDOT: SR-522 in Seattle, SR-503 in Vancouver, and SR-27 in Spokane using observed peak hour volumes and transit bus frequencies. Traffic operations improved with an increase in the CV market penetration rate. The research team found that 30%, 50%, and 70% CVs in traffic stream are required to outperform adaptive signals controlled using loop detector data respectively at SR-522, SR-503, and SR-27 corridors. The variation in the required connectivity showed that the percentage of CVs in the traffic stream is not enough to determine a critical CV market penetration rate. In addition to that, traffic volume and its distribution in the major and minor directions play an important role.
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