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Abstract:The use of permeable pavements originated in Europe more than 70 years ago (Knapton 2009). They started as various forms of open aggregate or grass pavements to promote water infiltration instead of runoff. They were reinforced with a variety of cell structures using concrete or plastic materials to enhance their load carrying capacity. In the 1970s, permeable pavements began to be used in the United States (NAPA 2008). If properly designed and constructed, permeable pavements can help stormwater infiltrate into subgrade soils, decrease urban heat island effects, replenish groundwater, reduce pollutants in stormwater and reduce peak water flow and flooding during storm events (ASCE 2015). While open graded asphalt has been used as the surface layer of asphalt pavements, its primary function is to reduce tire/pavement noise and water spray during rain events. These are not considered to be permeable pavements.
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