United States Department of Transportation
i
Development of Rapid Setting Soil-Cement Mixture Designs and Performance Testing
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2024-04-01
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[PDF-2.07 MB]
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Edition:Final Report
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Abstract:Flooding in the past few years in the U.S. has shown the concerning condition of the country´s waterway systems and the great economic impact that arises from the repair costs associated with damage to such structures, as well as the disruptions caused by their closure during downtime for repairs. Levee failures not only disrupt navigable waterways, but they can also impact rail and truck transportation. Additionally, floods can result in damage to other soil structures impacting transportation and the movement of goods including riverbanks, dams, and highway embankments. Several of these levee failures and failures of other soil-based infrastructure are due to instabilities caused by internal and overtopping erosion. Even though there are existing flood-fighting methods such as sandbagging, sand boil ringing, and tarping exposed soil, most are temporary treatments and the levees eventually require repair. Usually, the repairs require long downtimes that are difficult to carry out during flood season, and they can be quite expensive. Therefore, fast-setting soil-cement could be a cheaper and more effective alternative for short-term repair during flood season, as well as long-term repairs of the levee. Rapid setting soil-cement can utilize onsite soils, which reduces transportation and labor costs and it can be used to create a strong surface armoring in a matter of hours or even minutes. Conventional portland cement-based soil-cement has been commonly used as the repair method for waterway structures for decades, but the rapid setting time, strength gain, and reduced shrinkage of rapid-set cements such as belite calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) make it a promising alternative to conventional cement for such flood repair efforts. This project studies the effectiveness of various proportions of BCSA soil-cement mixtures by measuring their early age compressive strength and their performance under simulations of piping conditions through the Hole Erosion Test.
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