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Emergency Relief Program Resilience Case Study – Hawai'i: Incorporating Resilience through Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation
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2023-01-01
[PDF-723.43 KB]
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Abstract:Between April 13 and April 15, 2018, the island of Kaua'i in the State of Hawai'i experienced a record amount of rainfall, nearly 50 inches total, causing severe flooding and landslides along Kūhiō Highway (State Route 56 and 560). Three historic one-lane, load-restricted bridges along Route 560, Waiʻoli, Waikoko, and Waipā, often referred to as the 3W bridges, were damaged. The bridges all experienced scour at the footings and abutments and damage due to debris buildup. The stretch of Route 560 where the 3W bridges are located is a vital route that connects Hāʻena to Hanalei, and is the only way to reach these communities located on the north shore of the island. Additionally, tourists utilize Route 560 to access Hā'ena State Park and the trailhead to hike to the Hono O Nā Pali Natural Reserve Area and Nā Pali Coast State Wilderness Park. Starting on April 14, 2018, Route 560 was fully closed from Waikoko to Wainiha and only re-opened for limited emergency access in late April. During that time, boats and helicopters were used to transport people to and from the cut-off region. Limited access to local traffic was restored in early May 2018. In the immediate aftermath of the storm, the Hawai'i Department of Transportation (HDOT) in coordination with several State, county, and Federal agencies removed debris and performed emergency repairs along Kūhiō Highway. In early May 2018, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) approved $8 million in quick release Emergency Relief (ER) Program funding for work to restore access to the route. Across many locations, HDOT installed several thousand soil nails to stabilize slopes and soil nail walls to retain material. Also, as part of temporary repairs, the 3W bridges were stabilized by installing piles and braces.
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