Framework for Accommodating Emerging Autonomous Vehicles
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2022-07-17
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Edition:Final Report (August 2018 - July 2022)
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Abstract:In the era of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles, platooning has the potential to increase roadway capacity and reduce energy consumption. However, vehicles may expend extra energy as they try to form platoons. Also, depending on its position within a platoon, the energy savings of each vehicle can be different. Thus, optimizing and quantifying the savings that may be gained from platooning is challenging. In this project, we develop a simulation-optimization framework to tackle the challenge of quantifying energy savings from platooning. Our optimization model determines vehicle-to-platoon assignments given the current location, speed, and destination of all the vehicles and platoons on the freeway. The simulation model takes these platooning decisions from the optimization model and implements them. Vissim is used to simulate the actions taken by all the vehicles and platoons and capture the energy expended by each vehicle over its entire trip duration. The system is simulated with and without platooning to quantify the energy savings. The optimization model is turned off when assessing the system's performance without platooning. In addition to the simulation-optimization framework, an accurate energy consumption model is developed in this project, inspired by Tadakuma and colleagues' work. The energy consumption model utilizes a hybrid prediction formula for aerodynamic drag reduction in multivehicle formations unifying both physical mechanisms and existing empirical study data. Our results show that a system-wide savings of about 3% can be realized over 160 kilometers when platoons are formed strategically.
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