United States Department of Transportation
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A Gravity Model Integrating Land-Use and Transportation Policies for Sustainable Development: Case Study of Fresno, California
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2023-04-01
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[PDF-13.55 MB]
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Corporate Contributors:State of California SB1 2017/2018, Trustees of the California State University Sponsored Programs Administration ; United States. Department of Transportation. University Transportation Centers (UTC) Program ; United States. Department of Transportation. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology
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Abstract:The idea of urban compaction has been long proposed and promoted to address the problem of urban sprawl in many American cities. However, successful cases of implementation in this regard are still rare in the United States. This study uses a classic gravity model, TELUM (Transportation, Economic, and Land-Use Model) to examine the extent to which a land-use or transportation policy must be regulated to make the urban compaction occur in a typical auto-dependent city—Fresno, California. Five scenarios are considered (BL, L1, L2, T1, and T2), in which the baseline (BL) is a natural growth scenario. Without any policy interventions, the city will inevitably expand outward. The L1 (high-intensity zoning) and L2 (growth boundary) results suggest that high-density zoning and growth boundary policies could enable the compaction. The T1 (location impedance) and T2 (carbon tax) results reveal that transportation interventions would create barriers among regions/areas and therefore should be carefully used for compaction. This study not only adds to the literature on urban modeling but also contributes to the practice of smart growth or new urbanism policies for sustainability.
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