United States Department of Transportation
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Edition:Final Report, 2012-2014
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Abstract:The construction of tall embankments on soft soils requires staged construction, which leads to the consolidation of foundation soils, an increase in their effective stress, reduction in void ratio, and gain in shear strength. However, tall embankments are not fully constrained, which contributes to the generation of lateral movements that magnify vertical settlements of the embankments, potentially leading to global failure of the foundation soil and embankment system. This study systematically presents how material properties and embankment geometries influence the safety of the embankment and the relationship between lateral movements to the magnitude of vertical settlement on embankments using numerical analyses and analytical methods. PLAXIS, a finite element package, is used for modeling and analyzing deformation of soil embankments and foundations. The methods presented herein are validated using different case studies from cross-sections of a newly constructed STH 29 / USH 41 interchange in the State of Wisconsin in the United States. Parametric studies were conducted that involved combinations of embankment geometries and soft soil conditions to assess failure mechanisms and the contribution of lateral deflection to vertical settlement. These results are validated using vertical settlement measurements at the edge of the embankment and pore pressure measurement under the embankment.
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