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Comparative Esterification of Agricultural Oils for Biodiesel Blending
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2004-07-01
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[PDF-272.68 KB]
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Abstract:A well established batch procedure was used to develop technical and economic data for the production of biodiesel from chicken fat fractions, as well as various grades of refined and unrefined rice bran and soybean oils. Material balance calculations showed that the yield of biodiesel increases with increasing quality of oil/fat. Refined, bleached soybean oil, degummed soybean oil, refined, bleached rice bran oil and high yield chicken fat produced the most biodiesel, yielding an average of 0.88 ml of biodiesel per ml of oil/fat. All of the samples tested met the standards for cetane number, heat of combustion, cloud point and copper corrosion, while only some of the samples met the standards for kinematic viscosity, flash point and sulfated ash. Excluding byproduct value, high-yielding chicken fat is the least cost feedstock for biodiesel production ($1.17/gal, excluding processing costs). However, chicken fat derived biodiesel may exceed ASTM sulfated ash limits. A mixture of 58% degummed soybean oil and 42% chicken fat is the least cost feedstock ($1.50/gal) meeting this limit. Disposal of byproducts increases the cost by $0.03/gal. If the glycerin byproduct is sold, the cost of biodiesel can drop to between $0.85 and $1.50/gal.
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Content Notes:This research is supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Transportation University Transportation Centers program.
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