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Abstract:The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) funded a project to conduct locomotive emissions measurement tests using a portable, heavy-duty diesel truck emissions measurement system. Based on the quality of the data collected, the conclusion is the tested equipment can be adapted and/or enhanced for locomotive emissions measurement. This research was funded by FRA in order to improve public and railroad personnel safety as well as to develop a complete locomotive emissions measurement system that would be portable, easy to use, and applicable for both stationary and over-the-road testing. Particulate matter and smoke measurements were not included in the project due to complexities and limited funding. Emissions measurement of locomotives requires extensive preparation in instrumentation, data reduction and analysis. Insofar as the instrumentation is concerned, the use of a compact, lightweight, easy to use, and integrated emissions measurement system greatly reduces this complexity. A portable emissions measurement system that is used in the heavy-duty diesel truck industry was procured for the project. For data reduction, custom spreadsheets were developed to combine engine performance information with raw emissions concentration data in order to generate brake-specific and duty cycle emissions rates and successfully used them in post-processing emissions data. A portable system was developed wherein the emissions and auxiliary instrumentation is transported in a cargo van and parked next to the locomotive for use. This arrangement allows for efficient and portable measuring of locomotive emissions. The setup and measurement portion of an emissions test can be completed in 1-2 days using this system; a significant improvement over current logistics where the locomotive has to be taken out of service, and can result in significant revenue loss to railroads and car owners. Based on the test results, it appears that the tested system can be adapted to provide for an efficient means of measuring locomotive emissions.
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