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Evaluation of sketch-level VMT quantification tools : strategic growth council grant programs evaluation support project.

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  • Abstract:
    The State of California has enacted ambitious policies that aim to reduce the state’s greenhouse

    gas (GHG) emissions. Some of these policies focus on reducing the amount of driving

    throughout the state, measured in vehicle miles traveled (VMT), given that transportation,

    primarily automobile use, is the largest single source of California’s GHG emissions.1 To

    encourage local plans and projects that reduce VMT, California has established several grant

    programs to which local jurisdictions may apply.

    These grant programs have generated a need for methods to estimate the potential VMT – and

    thus GHG – impacts of proposed planning efforts, land development projects, and

    transportation projects. A range of VMT estimation methods are available for use by funding

    applicants. Regional travel demand models, for example, are used to estimate the VMT and

    GHG implications of alternative scenarios in the development of federally-required regional

    transportation plans and state-required sustainable communities strategies. These models are

    resource intensive, however, requiring modeling expertise and sometimes many days to

    complete a single analysis. To fill the need for less resource-intensive methods more

    appropriate for localized plans and individual projects, upwards of a dozen “sketch” tools have

    been developed.

    These sketch tools vary in their approach and appropriateness for the breadth of development

    projects and project locations in the state. Practitioners are often unsure as to which method

    to use for a particular project and have little information to guide their choice. In this report we

    compare and evaluate VMT estimation tools across a sample of land use projects. We compare

    the results from different tools for each project, consider the applicability of methods in

    particular contexts and for different types of projects, and assess data needs, relative ease of

    use, and other practical considerations.

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