Sensing for HOV/HOT lanes enforcement : final report.
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2017-02-01
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Edition:Final report
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Abstract:The use and creation of combined high-occupancy vehicle/high-occupancy toll (HOV/HOT Lanes) have become
more common in urban areas since all types of road users can take advantage of the lane either as a highoccupancy
vehicle or opting in to pay a congestion adjusted free. However, to maintain working integrity of the
lanes for all users, stepped enforcement to discourage cheating has been needed as more lanes are added. This
study evaluated the capability of a novel image sensor device to automate detection of in-vehicle occupants to
flag law enforcement of HOV/HOT lane violators. The sensor device synchronously captures three co-registered
images, one in the visible spectrum and two others in the infrared bands. The key idea is that the infrared bands
can enhance correct occupancy detection through known phenomenological spectral properties of objects and
humans residing inside the vehicle. Several experiments were conducted to determine this capability across
varied conditions and scenarios to assess detection segmentation algorithms of vehicle passengers and drivers.
Although occupancy detection through vehicle glass could be achieved in many cases, improvements must be
made to such a detection system to increase robustness and reliability as a law enforcement tool. These
improvements were guided by the experimental results, as well as suggested methods for deployment if this or
similar technologies were to be deployed in the future.
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