United States Department of Transportation
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Exploring unintended environmental and social-equity consequences of transit oriented development : a research report from the National Center for Sustainable Transportation.
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2015-10-01
[PDF-5.29 MB]
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Alternative Title:Exploring unintended environmental and social-equity consequences of transit oriented development : a National Center for Sustainable Transportation research report.
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Abstract:Communities throughout the U.S. are pursuing land use and transportation plans that locate
high density, mixed-use development near high quality rail and bus transit service. The
objective of these plans is to meet important community goals, such as economic development,
reduced congestion, greater transportation choice, and improved public health. These plans
may also be critical to managing the growth in passenger travel necessary to meet greenhouse
gas (GHG) reduction goals and avoid the most devastating damage to human and natural
systems from climate change. Increasingly, however, there is concern that these plans may
have unanticipated consequences that could undermine the well-being of low-income groups
and GHG reductions. This study uses a spatial economic model developed for the Sacramento
region (Sacramento PECAS) and an advanced travel demand model to simulate a land use and
transportation plan from 2014 to 2030. We examine the plan’s effect on population, housing,
rents, and consumer surplus by location and income class over time and changes in travel
behavior. We use the EMFAC emissions model with the travel behavior output to measure
changes in on-road vehicle GHG emissions. In addition, a lifecycle assessment model uses the
economic activity output from the simulated scenario to estimate changes in upstream and
downstream GHG emissions.
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