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Abstract:We propose a risk-neutral second best toll pricing scheme to account for the possible no uniqueness
of user equilibrium solutions. The scheme is designed to optimize for the expected objective value
as the UE solution varies within the solution set. We show that such a risk-neutral scheme can be
formulated as a stochastic program, which complements the traditional risk-prone second best toll
pricing (SBTP) approach and the risk-averse SBTP approach we developed recently. The proposed
model can be solved by a simulation-based optimization algorithm that contains three major steps:
characterization of the UE solution set, random sampling over the solution set, and a two-phase
simulation optimization step. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed risk-neutral design
scheme is less aggressive than the risk-prone scheme and less conservative than the risk-averse
scheme, and may thus be more preferable from a toll designer's point of view.
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