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Abstract:Vehicle speeds are a crucial factor in traffic safety. NHTSA estimates that speeding is involved in approximately 31% of fatal motor vehicle crashes, costing society over $40 billion per year. Since speeding is such a pervasive traffic safety issue, NHTSA funded two field surveys to measure driving speeds for all types of motor vehicles on freeways, arterial highways, and collector roads across the United States, to produce national and regional estimates of travel speeds for various types of roads and vehicles, and track these speed measurements over time. The speed surveys reviewed in this issue of "Traffic Tech" were designed as geographic cluster samples of primary sampling units (PSUs), which can be a city, county, or group of two or three counties. PSUs were chosen to represent a range of combinations of regions of the United States, level of urbanization, and type of topography (flat, hilly, mountainous). Speeds were acquired on randomly drawn road segments on limited access highways, major and minor arterial roads, and collector roads. Speed measurement sites were selected in road segments with various degrees of straight, curved, flat, and hilly geometry. Twenty to 60 sites were selected in each PSU.
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