Kinnier, H. L., & Ichter, L. L. (1976). A loading study of older highway bridges in Virginia. Pt. 2, Concrete slab and steel beam bridge in Clarke County (Report No. VHTRC 77-R26). Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC). https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/20028
Kinnier, H. L and Larry L Ichter. A loading study of older highway bridges in Virginia. Pt. 2, Concrete slab and steel beam bridge in Clarke County. Report no. VHTRC 77-R26. Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC), 1976. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/20028.
Kinnier, H. L, and Larry L Ichter A loading study of older highway bridges in Virginia. Pt. 2, Concrete slab and steel beam bridge in Clarke County. Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC), 1976, Report no. VHTRC 77-R26, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/20028.
A 60-foot non-composite steel beam and concrete deck highway bridge span over the Shenandoah River on Route 7 in Clarke County was tested with a 23-ton, tandem axle test vehicle in July1975. Strain gages were placed near midspan on the lower flanges, the webs and the upper flanges of the steel stringers (W36 x 150) and in one position on the underside of the concrete deck. Midspan deflections were measured for each of the five stringers. The purpose of the study was to determine the present capacity of this typical design that was used extensively in the 1920s and 1930s when no shear connectors were employed to provide composite action. The results indicated that the experimental stresses from static live loading were well below the calculated stresses based on conventional design theory and distribution factors. The distribution of the test load to each of the five stringers for five lateral positions of the test vehicle was similar to the distributions found in earlier studies, (see references 3 and 4), for composite spans.
Kinnier, H. L., & Ichter, L. L. (1976). A loading study of older highway bridges in Virginia. Pt. 2, Concrete slab and steel beam bridge in Clarke County (Report No. VHTRC 77-R26). Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC). https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/20028
Kinnier, H. L and Larry L Ichter. A loading study of older highway bridges in Virginia. Pt. 2, Concrete slab and steel beam bridge in Clarke County. Report no. VHTRC 77-R26. Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC), 1976. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/20028.
Kinnier, H. L, and Larry L Ichter A loading study of older highway bridges in Virginia. Pt. 2, Concrete slab and steel beam bridge in Clarke County. Virginia Transportation Research Council (VTRC), 1976, Report no. VHTRC 77-R26, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/20028.
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