Bird nesting and droppings control on highway structures.
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2010-10-01
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Abstract:This report provides a comprehensive literature survey of permanent and temporary deterrents to nesting and roosting, a ; discussion of risks to human health and safety from exposure to bird nests and droppings and recommended protective measures, ; and the results of a multi-year field study to test temporary nesting deterrents judged to be most effective. ; An extensive survey of the literature was conducted on the following: ; • measures used to deter roosting and nesting of pigeons, temporarily deter nesting of swallows (primarily cliff and barn ; swallows); ; • the nesting requirements of these species to better enable evaluation of the efficacy of these measures; and ; • the biology, diseases, and parasites of these species to enable evaluating and minimizing the risks of human detriment from ; exposure to these birds, their nests and droppings. ; Implementation: ; The most effective methods to deter pigeon roosting/nesting are either physical deterrents (i.e., spikes, wires, corner slopes, and ; netting) or non-toxic chemical methods. The most effective deterrents for swallow nesting are corner slopes, hanging curtains, ; and netting. For any of these methods, proper installation and maintenance are the keys to success. Consideration should be ; given to the configuration of the specific site, the extent of the problem, and the cost-effectiveness of the method relative to the ; extent of the problem.
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Main Document Checksum:urn:sha256:e0ffc6bd7ad84e97c21e64ed3e59e9c4cf7f29a297277670c3ba1ca250cf66ae