Development of apparent viscosity test for hot-poured crack sealants.
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2008-11-01
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Abstract:Current crack sealant specifications focuses on utilizing simple empirical tests such as penetration,
resilience, flow, and bonding to cement concrete briquettes (ASTM D3405) to measure the ability of the material
to resist cohesive and adhesion failures. There is, however, no indication of the pertinence of these standard
tests to predict the success of field installation and sealant performance. In an effort to bridge the gap between
sealant fundamental properties and field performance, performance-based guidelines for selection of hot-poured
crack sealants are currently being developed. This report focuses on the development of the apparent viscosity
test method. This test uses a modified version of the Brookfield rotational viscometer. Based on the results of
this study, the measured apparent viscosity of hot-poured crack sealant using SC4-27 spindle at 60rpm (20.4s-1)
at the recommended installation temperature was determined to be reasonably representative of sealant
viscosity at shear rates resembling field application. To ensure measurement consistency and stability, a 20min
melting time and a 30-s waiting time prior to data collection are recommended. To establish precision and bias
for the test, a round robin testing was conducted among seven laboratories. Average coefficient of variation
within and between laboratories was found to be 2% and 6%, respectively. Using the data from the round robin
testing, and based on ASTM precision and bias standard (ASTM practices C802 and C670), maximum
permissible differences within a laboratory and between laboratories were found to be 4.6% and 16.9%.
Considering the high polymer or crumb rubber content in crack sealants and sealant temperature sensitivity, the
repeatability and reproducibility of the developed test is within an acceptable range. These values are
comparable to those of asphalt binder: 3.5% and 14.5% based on ASTM D4402-02 and 3.5% and 12.1% based
on AASHTO 2006 T316.
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