Human factors considerations for the integration of unmanned aerial vehicles in the National Airspace System : an analysis of reports submitted to the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS)
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2017-06-06
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Edition:Final report; Jun 2017
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Abstract:Successful integration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operations into the National Airspace System requires the identification and mitigation of operational risks. This report reviews human factors issues that have been identified in operational assessments, experimental research, incidents, and accidents, and discusses the findings of an analysis of reports submitted by pilots, controllers, and UAV operators to the Aviation Safety Reporting System. The analysis of UAVārelated reports from the ASRS database yielded 220 relevant events, from controllers (17% of all reports), UAV pilots (15%), and pilots of manned aircraft (68%). Controllers describe operational limitations of UAV that affect controller tasks, communication issues with UAV pilots, and problems with UAV pilot understanding of the ATC clearance. UAV pilot reports highlight the need for clear guidance on operational restrictions and the unpredictability of current operations. Reports from manned aircraft pilots describe the need to be protected from UAV operations and the difficulty of seeing UAVs within the time needed to initiate an avoidance maneuver. Both pilots and controllers describe incidents of distraction caused by UAV activity. Recommendations are provided to mitigate risks associated with the human factors issues identified.
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