John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.) (2011). Low-Cost Warning Device Industry Assessment [Research Results] (Report No. RR 11-26). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/9525
John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.). Low-Cost Warning Device Industry Assessment [Research Results]. Report no. RR 11-26. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration, 2011. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/9525.
John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.) Low-Cost Warning Device Industry Assessment [Research Results]. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration, 2011, Report no. RR 11-26, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/9525.
Virtually all of the grade crossing train detection and warning systems in the United States use a variant of the track circuit technology developed over a century ago. Track circuits have evolved through the years, but the design and principles of operation have changed little. Although highly reliable, track-circuit–based train detection systems are costly to install and maintain. Systems that leverage low-cost, nontraditional technologies are an attractive alternative at low-usage grade crossings. The challenge for the railroad industry is to develop systems that are low in cost and safe.
John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.) (2011). Low-Cost Warning Device Industry Assessment [Research Results] (Report No. RR 11-26). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/9525
John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.). Low-Cost Warning Device Industry Assessment [Research Results]. Report no. RR 11-26. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration, 2011. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/9525.
John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.) Low-Cost Warning Device Industry Assessment [Research Results]. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Railroad Administration, 2011, Report no. RR 11-26, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/9525.
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