Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions Due to Vermont’s Clean Transportation Incentive Programs

Details

• Creators:
  Hinchman, Hallie ; Pezeshknejad, Parsa ; Ahmadnia, Narges ; Rowangould, Dana ; Rowangould, Gregory
• Corporate Creators:
  University of Vermont Transportation Research Center
• Corporate Contributors:
  Vermont Agency of Transportation ; United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration
• Subject/TRT Terms:
  Clean Fuels Clean Transportation Incentives Cost Effectiveness Electric Vehicles Emissions Testing Equity Evaluation Financing Greenhouse Gas Emissions Greenhouse Gases Incentives Low Income Groups

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• Publication/ Report Number:
  2026-01
• Resource Type:
  Tech Report
• Geographical Coverage:
  United States ; Vermont
• Edition:
  Final Report: 2024-2026
• Corporate Publisher:
  Vermont Agency of Transportation
• Abstract:
  This study evaluates four of Vermont’s recent clean transportation incentive programs in terms of emissions reductions, cost effectiveness, and equity. We evaluate the New PEV, Replace Your Ride, MileageSmart, and eBike programs overall and for variations in the types of vehicles incentivized. The four programs evaluated achieved GHG emission reductions between 27,400 and 81,900 metric tons CO2 in total when accounting for the likelihood of free riders, reflecting average emissions reductions of 4.1 to 12.4 metric tons CO2 per incentive. In terms of cost effectiveness, all programs combined had per incentive costs that were slightly higher than the value of estimated emissions reductions. Two subgroups of incentives exhibited estimated benefits that exceeded program costs when evaluating using more optimistic assumptions: incentives from the more recent version of the New PEV program and New PEV incentives used to acquire a battery-electric vehicle. The estimated value of the emissions reduction benefits of the other programs and program subgroups were either inconclusive or did not exceed program costs. The shares of incentive funds distributed to recipients living in multi-family housing and rural areas were similar to the distribution of registered vehicles in Vermont, indicating a relatively even distribution of incentives along these dimensions. Low-income households received most of the incentives from each program, particularly for Replace Your Ride and MileageSmart, reflecting the equity objective of the programs’ design.
• Format:
  PDF
• Funding:
  GR1891
• Collection(s):
  US Transportation Collection
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:a82413638477968b48eb1ce21e7db8fc2b0c53d016f3dd3f7fa1749e9882797bc7b82d8d1d2e5e09f541eda3da25d14aa11e3cd56bee5f64b49688d2a8beb3c5
• Download URL:
  https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/90086/dot_90086_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.15 MB ]