Nazarian, S., & Stokoe II, K. H. (1986). In Situ Determination of Elastic Moduli of Pavement Systems by Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves Method (Theoretical Aspects) (Report No. FHWA/TX-87/46+437-2). University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86257
Nazarian, Soheil and Kenneth H. Stokoe II. In Situ Determination of Elastic Moduli of Pavement Systems by Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves Method (Theoretical Aspects). Report no. FHWA/TX-87/46+437-2. University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research, 1986. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86257.
Nazarian, Soheil, and Kenneth H. Stokoe II In Situ Determination of Elastic Moduli of Pavement Systems by Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves Method (Theoretical Aspects). University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research, 1986, Report no. FHWA/TX-87/46+437-2, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86257.
The Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) method is an in-situ testing method for determining shear wave velocity profiles of soil sites and stiffness profiles of pavement systems. The method is nondestructive and is performed entirely from the pavement or ground surface. Measurements are made at strains below 0.001 percent where elastic properties of the materials are independent of strain amplitude. The key elements in SASW testing are the generation and measurement of surface waves. Transient impacts containing wide ranges of frequencies are transmitted to the pavement surface by means of simple hammers. Surface waves generated by these impacts are captured and recorded by the receivers using a spectral waveform analyzer. The analyzer is used to transform the waveforms into the frequency domain and then to perform spectral analyses on them. The points of interest from this operation are the phase information of the cross-power spectrum and the coherence function.
Nazarian, S., & Stokoe II, K. H. (1986). In Situ Determination of Elastic Moduli of Pavement Systems by Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves Method (Theoretical Aspects) (Report No. FHWA/TX-87/46+437-2). University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86257
Nazarian, Soheil and Kenneth H. Stokoe II. In Situ Determination of Elastic Moduli of Pavement Systems by Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves Method (Theoretical Aspects). Report no. FHWA/TX-87/46+437-2. University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research, 1986. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86257.
Nazarian, Soheil, and Kenneth H. Stokoe II In Situ Determination of Elastic Moduli of Pavement Systems by Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves Method (Theoretical Aspects). University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research, 1986, Report no. FHWA/TX-87/46+437-2, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86257.
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