United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration (2006). Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation: Lesson 20: Traffic Calming (Report No. FHWA-HRT-05-123). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86012
United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation: Lesson 20: Traffic Calming. Report no. FHWA-HRT-05-123. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 2006. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86012.
United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation: Lesson 20: Traffic Calming. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 2006, Report no. FHWA-HRT-05-123, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86012.
Traffic calming has been defined in Traffic Calming: State of the Practice as follows:(1) Traffic calming is the combination of mainly physical measures that reduce the negative effects of motor vehicle use, alter driver behavior and improve conditions for nonmotorized street users. In this State of the Practice report, route modification, traffic control devices, and streetscaping were distinguished as being separate from traffic calming. In many cities, however, these techniques (as well as education and enforcement) are also included in traffic–calming programs. Figure 20–1 shows schematic examples of traffic–calming devices and elements. This chapter explores the principles of traffic calming and provides a variety of studies, design details, and photographs of areas where traffic calming has been effectively used in the United States and in Europe. Along with the advantages of traffic calming, the text describes mistakes that practitioners have sometimes made in implementing traffic–calming techniques.
United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration (2006). Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation: Lesson 20: Traffic Calming (Report No. FHWA-HRT-05-123). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86012
United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation: Lesson 20: Traffic Calming. Report no. FHWA-HRT-05-123. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 2006. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86012.
United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration Federal Highway Administration University Course on Bicycle and Pedestrian Transportation: Lesson 20: Traffic Calming. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 2006, Report no. FHWA-HRT-05-123, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/86012.
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