Details:

Creators:
Wayson, Roger L. ; Fleming, Gregg G. ; Iovinelli, Ralph
Wayson, Roger L. ; Fleming, Gregg G. ; Iovinelli, Ralph Less -
Corporate Creators:
John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.)
Subject/TRT Terms:
[+]
Aircraft Aircraft Exhaust Gases Emissions Testing Exhaust Gases Methodology
Resource Type:
In Book
Geographical Coverage:
United States
ISSN:
1047-3289
Edition:
Volume 59; Jan. 2009
Corporate Publisher:
Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
NTL Classification:
NTL-AVIATION-AVIATION;NTL-AVIATION-Aviation Energy and Environment;NTL-AVIATION-Aviation Planning and Policy;NTL-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT-Aviation Energy and Environment;NTL-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT-Air Quality;NTL-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT-Environment Impacts;
Abstract:
Today, about one-fourth of U.S. commercial service airports,

including 41 of the busiest 50, are either in nonattainment

or maintenance areas per the National Ambient

Air Quality Standards. U.S. aviation activity is forecasted

to triple by 2025, while at the same time, the U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency (EPA) is evaluating stricter

particulate matter (PM) standards on the basis of documented

human health and welfare impacts. Stricter federal

standards are expected to impede capacity and limit

aviation growth if regulatory mandated emission reductions

occur as for other non-aviation sources (i.e., automobiles,

power plants, etc.). In addition, strong interest

exists as to the role aviation emissions play in air quality

and climate change issues. These reasons underpin the

need to quantify and understand PM emissions from certified

commercial aircraft engines, which has led to the

need for a methodology to predict these emissions. Standardized

sampling techniques to measure volatile and

nonvolatile PM emissions from aircraft engines do not

exist. As such, a first-order approximation (FOA) was derived

to fill this need based on available information.

FOA1.0 only allowed prediction of nonvolatile PM.

FOA2.0 was a change to include volatile PM emissions on

the basis of the ratio of nonvolatile to volatile emissions.

Recent collaborative efforts by industry (manufacturers

and airlines), research establishments, and regulators

have begun to provide further insight into the estimation

of the PM emissions. The resultant PM measurement datasets

are being analyzed to refine sampling techniques and

progress towards standardized PM measurements. These

preliminary measurement datasets also support the continued

refinement of the FOA methodology. FOA3.0 disaggregated

the prediction techniques to allow for independent

prediction of nonvolatile and volatile emissions

on a more theoretical basis. The Committee for Aviation

Environmental Protection of the International Civil Aviation

Organization endorsed the use of FOA3.0 in February

2007. Further commitment was made to improve the

FOA as new data become available, until such time the

methodology is rendered obsolete by a fully validated

database of PM emission indices for today’s certified commercial

fleet. This paper discusses related assumptions

and derived equations for the FOA3.0 methodology used

worldwide to estimate PM emissions from certified commercial

aircraft engines within the vicinity of airports.


Format:
PDF
Collection(s):
Volpe
Main Document Checksum:
[+]
urn:sha256:cef89093a6092fa092dda1b709ee778f2b795978e3243f34bff896a04a85f084
Download URL:
https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/8563/dot_8563_DS1.pdf
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