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Abstract:One of the most significant problems facing those responsible for traffic movement in major urban areas is that of peak hour congestion. Plans for adequate arterial street systems to cope with this problem have been drafted but the required facilities are very costly and difficult to provide. It will require many years to provide the necessary facilities and during this time severe peak hour congestion will continue unless other means are developed to cope with this problem. A freeway is the major traffic carrier in an arterial street system and is the facility which suffers most from peak hour congestion. Only a fraction of an over-all freeway system has been developed in most urban areas, and this partial system contributes greatly to the peak hour overload. The high level of operation provided by a freeway often results in it attracting heavier traffic loads than it will ultimately be required to handle when the entire freeway system is developed. In order to ease the peak hour congestion problem there is a need to effect maximum utilization of urban arterial systems which include both freeways and at-grade facilities. Thus, there is a need for operational control during peak hours which would "spread" the traffic load over the entire arterial system. Present operational technology in the traffic field does not extend to systems in a broad sense but rather is limited to individual facilities. This approach is inadequate as it does not consider the interaction of the entire system or develop control measures which would achieve optimum system operation. Thus, there is a great need to develop a systems analysis approach to the problem of operating arterial street networks.
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