United States Department of Transportation
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A Comparative Study of the Conventional Diamond and Cloverleaf Interchanges with Respect to Ramp Capacity and Vehicular Delay
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1963-11-01
[PDF-1.91 MB]
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Abstract:Previous discussion has indicated that a need exists for a study which would compare the operational features of the conventional diamond and cloverleaf interchanges. It has been noted that the basic difference between the two types is the manner in which provision is made for the left turn movement from the arterial to the freeway. As a result, the specific objectives of this study were as follows: 1. To investigate the total time required to make the left turn maneuver from a point outside the interchange on the arterial to a point where mergence had been made with the freeway traffic, for both the conventional diamond and cloverleaf interchange; and 2. To investigate the capacity of the on-ramp used by the conventional diamond interchange and the capacity of the on-ramp used by the conventional cloverleaf interchange. It is recognized that many variations of the basic type of the cloverleaf and diamond interchanges have been developed. Among these variations are the split-diamond, three-level diamond, and partial cloverleaf. However, it appears that a comparison should first be made of the basic or conventional types. It should also be noted that the scope of this study was restricted to the intersection of a high-volume arterial street and a freeway where signalization of the diamond interchange was a necessity.
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