Yildirim, Y., & Kennedy, T. W. (2002). Binder Designs for the Toner Modified Asphalt Demonstration Projects (Report No. FHWA/TX-03/3933-01-IMP-1). University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/83554
Yildirim, Yetkin and Thomas W. Kennedy. Binder Designs for the Toner Modified Asphalt Demonstration Projects. Report no. FHWA/TX-03/3933-01-IMP-1. University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research, 2002. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/83554.
Yildirim, Yetkin, and Thomas W. Kennedy Binder Designs for the Toner Modified Asphalt Demonstration Projects. University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research, 2002, Report no. FHWA/TX-03/3933-01-IMP-1, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/83554.
Every year a big amount of toner is produced for copiers and printers by toner manufacturing companies. Toner, the dry ink used in laser printers and copiers, can be blended into asphalt to improve strength and temperature resistance properties. Some of the toner does not meet quality specifications for use in copiers or printers and consequently becomes a waste product of the manufacturing process. This manufacturing waste along with the spent toner from copiers and printers is dumped into landfills for lack of a better way to utilizing the material. A cooperative research project, 7-3933, undertaken by the Texas Department of Transportation and the University of Texas at Austin investigated the feasibility and potential benefits of utilizing waste toner in hot mix asphalt concrete. This implementation project will transfer the results from project 7-3933, in which the feasibility and potential benefits of utilizing waste toner in hot-mix asphalt concrete were investigated. The results of this study can assist industry and state agencies in their efforts to utilize toner in binder modification.
This report includes the binder designs for the Houston, Laredo, Pharr and Bryan Toner Projects where waste toner was used as an asphalt binder modifi
...
Yildirim, Y., & Kennedy, T. W. (2002). Binder Designs for the Toner Modified Asphalt Demonstration Projects (Report No. FHWA/TX-03/3933-01-IMP-1). University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/83554
Yildirim, Yetkin and Thomas W. Kennedy. Binder Designs for the Toner Modified Asphalt Demonstration Projects. Report no. FHWA/TX-03/3933-01-IMP-1. University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research, 2002. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/83554.
Yildirim, Yetkin, and Thomas W. Kennedy Binder Designs for the Toner Modified Asphalt Demonstration Projects. University of Texas at Austin. Center for Transportation Research, 2002, Report no. FHWA/TX-03/3933-01-IMP-1, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/83554.
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