James, R. W., Keating, P. B., Bolton, R. W., Benson, F. C., Bray, D. E., Abraham, R. C., & Hodge, J. (1996). Tightening Procedures for Large-Diameter Anchor Bolts (Report No. FHWA/TX-98/1472-lF). Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/82899
James, R. W., P. B. Keating, R. W. Bolton, F. C. Benson, D. E. Bray, R. C. Abraham, and J.B. Hodge. Tightening Procedures for Large-Diameter Anchor Bolts. Report no. FHWA/TX-98/1472-lF. Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University, 1996. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/82899.
James, R. W., et al. Tightening Procedures for Large-Diameter Anchor Bolts. Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University, 1996, Report no. FHWA/TX-98/1472-lF, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/82899.
Recent failures of cantilever overhead sign structures in Michigan and elsewhere, coupled with the absence of standards for tightening methods for the double-nut system used with large-diameter anchor bolts in similar structures in Texas have been the motivation for this study. Practices of various field offices were reviewed, a literature study was performed, and both laboratory studies and field studies were performed. Three questions were raised: How tight do the anchor bolt nuts need to be? What techniques and procedures are best suited for tightening? How can tightness best be inspected? Standards for tightening procedures for large-diameter anchor bolts are proposed. In current TxDOT practice, the contractor is left to his or her own judgment concerning how tight to tighten the nuts on the double-nut anchor bolt system. Recent bolt failures in other states have raised concerns about nut tightening procedures. When the nuts of a double-nut system are not tightened sufficiently, fatigue loading, and even impact loading, can be factors in the performance of the bolts.
James, R. W., Keating, P. B., Bolton, R. W., Benson, F. C., Bray, D. E., Abraham, R. C., & Hodge, J. (1996). Tightening Procedures for Large-Diameter Anchor Bolts (Report No. FHWA/TX-98/1472-lF). Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/82899
James, R. W., P. B. Keating, R. W. Bolton, F. C. Benson, D. E. Bray, R. C. Abraham, and J.B. Hodge. Tightening Procedures for Large-Diameter Anchor Bolts. Report no. FHWA/TX-98/1472-lF. Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University, 1996. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/82899.
James, R. W., et al. Tightening Procedures for Large-Diameter Anchor Bolts. Texas Transportation Institute. Texas A&M University, 1996, Report no. FHWA/TX-98/1472-lF, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/82899.
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