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Evaluation of Metallized Stainless Steel Clad Reinforcement
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2007-07-25
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Edition:Final Report October 2002 to July 2007
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Abstract:SMI-316 SCTM stainless steel-clad concrete reinforcement is evaluated for corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, life expectancy, and cost effectiveness and compared with conventional mild steel reinforcement and epoxy-coated reinforcement (ECR). Corrosion performance is evaluated using rapid macrocell, Southern Exposure, and cracked beam tests. MMFX Microcomposite reinforcement is evaluated for the chloride content required for corrosion initiation, which is used to supplement corrosion test results from earlier research. Life expectancy and cost effectiveness of bridge decks containing the different reinforcing systems are evaluated using laboratory results for the chloride content required for corrosion initiation and rate of corrosion along with field experience and costs in South Dakota. The SMI-316 SC bars satisfy the mechanical properties specified by ASTM A 615 for Grade 60 reinforcing bars. The SMI-316 SC bars should be fabricated (bent) using protective equipment similar to that used for epoxy-coated bars to limit damage to the cladding. Cladding thickness is satisfactory for normal construction operations. The corrosion rates of both SMI-316 SC and ECR reinforcement are less than 0.4% or 1/250 of that for conventional reinforcement. Epoxy-coated reinforcement embedded in concrete can undergo a significant loss of bond between the epoxy and the reinforcing steel, although total corrosion losses are low compared to those observed for conventional reinforcement. Bridge decks containing SMI-316 SC reinforcing steel will not require repair due to corrosion-induced concrete cracking during a 75-year service life. In comparison, conventional bridge decks require repair 10 to 25 years after the construction, depending on exposure conditions. Bridge decks containing epoxy-coated reinforcement will not require repair due to corrosion-induced concrete cracking during a 75-year service life but are estimated to require repair approximately 40 years after construction due to corrosion near damaged areas where the bond between the epoxy and reinforcing steel has been lost. Bridge decks containing SMI-316 SC reinforcing steel are cost-effective compared to bridge decks containing epoxy-coated reinforcement. The critical chloride corrosion threshold for MMFX Microcomposite steel is three to four times the corrosion threshold for conventional reinforcement, and the corrosion rate is approximately one-half that of conventional steel. Bridge decks containing MMFX Microcomposite reinforcing steel will require repair due to corrosion-induced concrete cracking approximately 33 years after construction and do not appear to be cost-effective when compared to bridge decks containing epoxy-coated reinforcement.
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[PDF-5.39 MB]
