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Ensuring Fair and Equitable Funding of Rural Transit in Georgia after the 2020 Census
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2025-01-01
[PDF-2.48 MB]
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Edition:Final; January 2024–March 2025
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Abstract:Rural public transit systems are typically small, demand-responsive systems. Revenues are generally not sufficient to cover the system’s costs, and the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) § 5311 program provides capital, planning, and operating assistance in support of these systems. State departments of transportation (DOTs) are responsible for developing and executing a process to fairly and equitably distribute federal transit funds to rural public transit systems. In fiscal year 2021 (FY21), more than $728 million in federal funding was allocated nationwide for rural transit, and Georgia DOT (GDOT) distributed $25 million to 85 rural transit operators. GDOT is responsible for disseminating federal transit funds fairly and equitably to rural transit operators in Georgia, which creates a key challenge. Specifically, the federal funding that GDOT receives each year is based on the total rural population and total rural land area for the state, as well as other factors. Because rural transit systems operate in specific counties, GDOT needs to know how much federal funding is associated with each county so that the amounts GDOT allocates to each county and to individual transit operators are aligned with the federal funding formula. This study calculates the FTA § 5311 funding appropriations at a county level for FY23, analyzes how funding levels for this program have changed since FY19, and illustrates ways in which these county-level calculations help support transit planning in Georgia.
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