Dukes, M. D., Karalekas, J. M., Noel, D. W., Pope, H. K., Rowe, J. B., & Young, A. (2024). Underwater Bridge Inspection Reference Manual (Report No. FHWA-NHI-23-027). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/80426
Dukes, Michael D., James M. Karalekas, Dustin W. Noel, Heath K. Pope, Jeffrey B. Rowe, and Andrew Young. Underwater Bridge Inspection Reference Manual. Report no. FHWA-NHI-23-027. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 2024. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/80426.
Dukes, Michael D., et al. Underwater Bridge Inspection Reference Manual. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 2024, Report no. FHWA-NHI-23-027, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/80426.
To ensure public safety and to protect the capital investment in bridges over water, underwater members should be inspected to the extent necessary to determine their structural condition with certainty. Underwater inspections should also include the streambed. In shallow water, underwater inspections may be accomplished visually or tactilely from above the water’s surface; in deep water, however, inspections generally require diving or other appropriate techniques to determine conditions. The underwater inspector has a wide range of diving, inspection, and documentation equipment and techniques available. The purpose of this manual is to provide information for underwater bridge inspection; acquaint those responsible for bridge safety with underwater inspection techniques and equipment; and present commonly found defects. It should be of interest to bridge and maintenance engineers, divers, and inspectors.
Dukes, M. D., Karalekas, J. M., Noel, D. W., Pope, H. K., Rowe, J. B., & Young, A. (2024). Underwater Bridge Inspection Reference Manual (Report No. FHWA-NHI-23-027). United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/80426
Dukes, Michael D., James M. Karalekas, Dustin W. Noel, Heath K. Pope, Jeffrey B. Rowe, and Andrew Young. Underwater Bridge Inspection Reference Manual. Report no. FHWA-NHI-23-027. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 2024. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/80426.
Dukes, Michael D., et al. Underwater Bridge Inspection Reference Manual. United States. Department of Transportation. Federal Highway Administration, 2024, Report no. FHWA-NHI-23-027, ROSA P. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/80426.
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