United States Department of Transportation
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Freeze-thaw resistance of concrete with marginal air content : final report
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2006-12-01
[PDF-2.02 MB]
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Edition:Final report; 2001-2004
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NTL Classification:NTL-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION;NTL-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION-Pavement Management and Performance;NTL-HIGHWAY/ROAD TRANSPORTATION-Materials;
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Abstract:Freeze-thaw resistance is a key durability factor for concrete pavements. Recommendations for the air
void system parameters are normally: 6 ± 1 percent total air, and spacing factor less than 0.20
millimeters. However, it was observed that some concretes that did not possess these commonly
accepted thresholds presented good freeze-thaw resistance in laboratory studies.
This study evaluated the freeze-thaw resistance of several “marginal” air void mixes, with two
different types of air-entraining admixtures (AEA)—a Vinsol resin and a synthetic admixture. This
study used rapid cycles of freezing and thawing in plain water, in the absence of deicing salts.
For the specific materials and concrete mixture proportions used in this project, the marginal air mixes
(concretes with fresh air contents of 3.5 percent or higher) presented an adequate freeze-thaw
performance when Vinsol resin based air-entraining admixture was used. The synthetic admixture used
in this study did not show the same good performance as the Vinsol resin admixture.
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