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Evaluation of Concrete Models in LS-DYNA to Develop a MASH Test Level 6 (TL-6) Barrier System
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2020-07-01
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[PDF-3.83 MB]
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Edition:Final Report July 2018-July 2020
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Abstract:The concept design of the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) test level 6 (TL-6) safety barrier is configured with reinforced concrete material. Analysis and design of this barrier included use of a finite element software (i.e., LS-DYNA) to simulate the impact of laboratory-level samples and prototype structures. A reliable simulation depends on how accurately the nonlinear behavior of concrete is predicted under impact loading. The current version of LS-DYNA contains several constitutive material models that are specifically intended for predicting brittle deformation-fracture behavior of materials, such as concrete. The first part of this study consists of a literature review that investigates the viability of existing models for simulating the nonlinear behavior of concrete. The viable models are then further investigated in the second part of this project. Continuous Surface Cap Model (CSCM) and Karagozian & Case Concrete Model (K&C) in LS-DYNA were selected as candidate models and were evaluated and compared with experimental results. Simulation results showed that both models overall can predict the behavior of plain concrete, in both quasi-static and low-velocity impact tests. However, the responses of these models to compression, shear, or flexural stress were different. Compressive strength as the critical property of plain concrete was well matched by both models, while the post-failure behavior of the models was different. The acceleration-time curve in the low-velocity impact test also showed that the K&C model can predict the maximum positive and negative acceleration more accurately than CSCM, while the CSCM element erosion capability resulted in a deformation contour closer to reality.
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